Social Work Final Exam

The Indian Act of 1876. What was it? What was it’s purpose?

The Indian Act of 1876. What was it? What was it’s purpose?

Created to strictly define who was considered “Indian”, gave the government legal authority and control over the peoples and reserves.

What is Colonialism?

Political domination of one nation over another. Ex. European settler’s attempt to completely control the Indigenous peoples and to eliminate their cultures.

What is Enfranchisement?

Indigenous peoples could only become Canadian citizens if they gave up their culture, traditions, and rights to the land.

What is Assimilation?

Refers to the absorbing of one cultural group into another.

What are Land Treaties?

Generally aimed to force Indigenous peoples to surrender land to the Canadian government.

What are Reserves?

Small parcels of land largely lacking any economic potential or resources.

What was the Sixties Scoop?

Children were removed from their communities and placed in non-Indigenous foster and adoptive homes by Social Workers.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission has 94 calls to action. What do these Calls to Action include?

• Changes to welfare, education, and healthcare systems.

• Recognition of Indigenous language and cultural rights.

• An inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls.

• Changes to public institutions to give greater recognition and visibility to Indigenous sovereignty and histories.

What does a cultural mosaic look like?

Welcomes diversity.

What does a cultural melting pot look like?

Expects assimilation.

What did the Immigration Act of 1910 do?

Established “undesirable” classes of immigrants.

What was the Head Tax?

Only allowed certain “classes” of Chinese immigrants into Canada IF they were able to pay per head entering. This also stopped Chinese immigration.

What was the St. Louis?

A ship carrying Jewish people desperate to enter Canada, but that was refused entry.

Who did Canada force into Internment Camps during WW1 and WW2?

“Enemy aliens” which were Japanese Canadians who were taken from their homes and held in prison camps.

What does the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms of 1982 guarantee?

• Freedom of conscience and religion, thought, belief, opinion, and expression.

• Democratic rights.

• Geographical mobility rights.

• Legal rights including the right to life, liberty, and security of person.

• Equality rights regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age, or mental or physical disability.

What were the 4 Waves of Feminism?

• First - suffragette movement.

• Second - creation of consciousness, raising groups that questioned gender roles and traditional power relations.

• Third - focused more attention on the idea of intersectionality.

• Fourth - Embraces digital technologies, including social media, as tools in advancement.

What is Gender?

Refers to the characteristics that identify the social relations between men and women, or the way in which this relationship is socially constructed.

What is Patriarchy?

Literally meaning, “rule by the father, it is the domination of society by men and male interests.

What is Intersectionality?

The complex interplay of race, class, gender, sexuality, and other factors that impact life experiences.

What is the “Double Burden”?

Women leave work at the end of the day only to find they must still assume work at home and in the family.

What is Power Theory?

Argues that violence against women is a societal problem that occurs mainly because of the power imbalance between men and women because of the dominance of men and traditional male roles.

What is Learning Theory?

The main idea behind this theory is that violence is a behaviour learned in childhood.

What is Anger-Control Theory?

Men must be held accountable for their violent behaviour.

What is the Cycle-of-Violence Theory?

Avoids trying to explain why violence occurs; uses a three step process to describe what happens in individual relationships.

What is Community?

A group of people who share either a geographical space, an identity based on common experiences, interests, or culture, and are conscious of themselves as a community.

What are the two major types of Community?

• Community of interest and identification - people who share a common interest or passion.

• Community of place or location - people geographically living in the same area.

Define “Community Assets”

Anything that improves the quality of community life including social, cultural, physical, financial, political, spiritual, and education aspects.

What are Asset Maps?

Provide information about the strengths and resources of a community. Help to identify community concerns. Show abundant or missing resources in a community. Promote involvement. Can be large or small.

What is Evidence-Based Practice?

A process in which the practitioner combines well-researched interventions with clinical experience, ethics, and the client’s preferences and culture to guide the delivery of services.

What does optimum group size depend on?

• Age of clients.

• Type of group.

• Problems/issues to be explored.

• Needs of the members.

• Experience level of the social worker.

What are the 5 kinds of Groups?

• Self-help.

• Educational.

• Support/Therapeutic.

• Task.

• Social action.

What are the 5 stages of Group Work?

• Forming - members first come together.

• Storming - members find it difficult to work as a team.

• Norming - moves beyond storming and begins to function as a team.

• Performing - performing stage.

• Adjourning - breaking up when the task is complete.

What was Saul Alinsky’s approach to Community Activism?

He believed in creating confrontation.

What was the process of Paulo Frieze’s concept of “praxis”?

Creates new and more effective actions, which are also then reflected upon. He argued this approach would encourage thoughtful actions rather than reactive responses to injustice, which are often contradictory and difficult to sustain.

What is Participatory Action Research?

Community members are involved in deciding the research questions, determining the research process, and analyzing the research data.

Who was Richard von Kraft-Ebing?

A pioneer in creating categories of “normal” and “abnormal” sexual behaviour. He implicitly defined heterosexuality as reproductive sex between one man and one woman, and homosexuality as same sex desire.

What was Alfred Kinsey’s research?

People’s sexual behaviours combined “perverse” behaviours with those considered “normal”. He began a revolution of deeper exploration into sexuality and liberating female sexuality.

What is Biological Determinism?

Attempts to explain sexuality in terms of biology. The concept that a person’s born with their sexuality predetermined at birth. However, this has not ended homophobia, and has often been used to entrench inequality.

What does Social Constructionism argue?

That sexualities are constructed by our social and cultural context and by our cultural history. This has resulted in gender reassignment surgeries at birth for babies who are born intersex. Has influence “curing” sexual orientation or “reversing” gender identity.

What did they believe about homosexuality in the 1950’s?

Considered it to be a mental disorder.

In 1969, Pierre Trudeau passed Bill C-150, this decriminalized what?

Homosexuality.

Who was Everett Klippert?

Last person in Canada to be convicted because of homosexuality. Largely credited for bringing about changes in Canada’s law on this.

What happened in 1977?

Quebec includes sexual orientation in its Human Rights code, making it the first province in Canada to do so.

What happened in 2005?

Same sex marriage is legalized under bill C-38.

What are Military Rules?

• Lifted the ban on homosexual individuals in the military.

• Concerns have been raised about the treatment individuals still receive there.

Whose rights were included in the Canadian Human Rights Code under Bill C-279?

Trans persons.

What are the 4 domains of Social Work?

• Domestic Practice - SWs contribute to international issues through work in their home country.

• International Practice - international development agencies contribute directly to communities around the world.

• Professional Exchange - SWs travel abroad to participate in professional exchange opportunities.

• Policy Work & Advocacy - national and international organizations to help with policy formation and to advocate for international causes.

What is Economic Globalization?

The growing integration of international markets for goods, services, and finance. Expansion of free trade.

What does the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) take into account?

How human development is distributed, measuring the sometimes vast disparities between different regions or groups within a country.

What is Sustainable Development?

A guiding principle that focuses on sustaining the resources that are necessary for the success of future generations.

How many Sustainable Development goals are there? What do they aim to improve?

17. These aim to improve both human development and environmental sustainability.