2 Sound Wave Physics in Ultrasound

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to sound wave physics and ultrasound.

Propagation speed (c)

The speed at which sound waves travel in tissue, considered a constant at 1540 m/s.

Frequency (f)

The number of cycles per second, measured in MHz.

Wavelength (λ)

The distance the wave travels in one cycle, calculated as λ = c/f.

Inverse relationship

As frequency increases, wavelength decreases, and vice versa.

Ultrasound

Sound waves with a frequency over 20,000 Hz (20 kHz) which humans cannot hear.

Penetration

The depth of tissue from which an echo can be received back.

Resolution

The ability to discriminate between two points; improved by increasing sound wave compressions.

Attenuation

A decrease in energy per unit area of sound wave particles as distance from the source increases.

Types of attenuation

Include reflection, refraction, absorption, and scattering.