Murphy Unit 7: Between the Wars & World War II

Dawes plan

cycle of payments between WWI allies, the U.S., and Germany

Fascism

form of totalitarianism with nationalistic ideals and private property allowed

Communism

form of totalitarianism with ideologistic ideals, no social classes, and shared resources

Benito Mussolini

Italian dictator who made Italy a fascist state

Stalin’s Five Year Plans

A shift to industrial economy from agricultural economy instated by Joseph Stalin

The Great Purge

Stalin sent those who opposed him to labor camps, 8 million sent away

Joseph Stalin

Secretary-general of the Russian Communist party, dictator of the Soviet Union during WWII

Rape of Nanjing

Japan captures Nanjing, 30,000 civilians killed, raped thousands of women

Beer Hall Putsch

Hitler attempted to overthrow government, got thrown in jail, shows he must obtain power politically

Mein Kampf

Anti-semitic book by Hitler

Reichstag Fire

Reichstag up in flames, allowed Hitler to blame Communists

Enabling Act

Hitler gets 4 years of dictatorial power, opposition gone

Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution

Reichstag approval unnecessary

Nuremberg Laws

Restricted German citizenship, Jews were alien, Jews couldn’t own businesses

Kristallnacht

600 synagogues and 2500 Jewish businesses destroyed, cemeteries desecrated, 30,000 arrests, 91 Jews dead

Munich Conference

Germany wants land, Allies appease Germany

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

Germany and the Soviet Union agree to fight for and divide Poland, promise not to fight for 10 years

Invasion of Poland

Germany and the Soviet Union invade Poland

German Blitzkrieg

German military tactic, surprise attack with overwhelming and varying force

Battle of Britain

German air raids against Britain

German Invasion of the Soviet Union

Germany sweeps through Ukraine, expects quick battle, ultimately defeated

Bombing of Pearl Harbor

Japanese attack, wanted to stop the US from attacking colonies, US enters WWII

Stalingrand

The Allies stop German advance into their industrial and military center

Battle of Midway

America stops Japanese advance, launches American island-hopping strategy

D-Day

Allies reclaim Paris, then France

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

US deploys atomic bombs, increases arms race between the US and the Soviet Union

Wannsee Conference

German leaders met to discuss”the Final Solution of the Jewish Question”

Einsatzgruppen

SS mobile killing units

Nuremberg Trials

Nazi soldiers were tried for the atrocities they committed

Comfort women

Women forced to serve as prostitutes for soldiers

Japanese Internment

In the United States, citizens of Japanese descent were sent to camps with poor conditions

Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

What Japan called the community of nations they accumulated

Schutzstaffel

Also known as the SS, it was Hitler’s paramilitary group