APHuG Vocabs 1-43 Quiz Preparation

Allocation Boundary Dispute

Discord over resources based on boundaries

Antecedent Boundary

Boundary that was identified before an area was settled (agreed upon before people expanded)

Autonomous Region

Section/territory of a country that has a degree of self-governing

Balance of Power

Condition of roughly equal strength between opposing/alliance country

Balkanization

State breaks down due to ethnic conflict

Boundary

Line that determine limit of state, sovereignty, and is contested

Choke Point

Narrow passage that restricts traffic to another region (Canal)

City-State

Sovereign state that consists of a city and the surrounding countryside (Ex: Singapore)

Colonialism

Rule of autonomous over small people/place with unequal culture and economy

Colony

Territory controlled by a sovereign state putting its rules on natives and for its own benefits

Consequent Boundary

Drawn boundary to accommodate existing cultural differences

Demilitarized Zone

Buffer zone created by treaties/agreements between 2 or more military powers (Time out from fighting zone)

Democracy

Government where power resides with the majority

Devolution

Movement of powers from central government to regional government within state (Ex: UK's Scotland, Wales, Irelands)

Federal State

State with division in power between central government and local territories (Ex: US States have its own laws while still following central laws)

Frontier

Zone without a political control (No clear border)

Geometric Boundary

Boundary that has regular, often perfectly straight lines following latitude and longitude (Ex: 38th Parallel)

Gerrymandering

Unfair voting redistricting that gives a party advantages

Imperialism

Desire to control greater amounts of territory

Irredentism

Claim to territory in another country based on affiliation & historic boundaries (Ex: Ukraine was once Russia's, Russia claims it's still a part of Russia)

Law of the Sea

Belt of coastal water extending 12 nautical miles from state's coast (State's rule over a part of the sea)

Maritime Boundary

Extension of country's territory that extends to the oceans around them

Microstate

State with a very small land area and population (Ex: Andorra)

Multi-National State

State with 2 or more nations

Multi-State Nation

Ethnic groups territorially divided by one/more international boundary

Nation

People who think themselves as one due to culture and want of autonomy

Nationalism

Loyalty and devotion to a nation

Nation-State

State with a single nation

Neocolonialism

Economic/Political strategy where wealthy countries control lesser countries (Ex: Europe taking over Africa and demanding cocoa bean production)

Relict Boundary

Boundary that no longer serves as an international border (Border no longer followed)

Self-Determinism

Process where a country determines its own statehood & forms its own government

Separatist Movement

Group advocating for independence inside a state (Group that wants to separate and be its own country)

Semi-Autonomous Region

Subdivision of a country that has some, not all, self-governing

Shatterbelt

Region caught between stronger colliding forces

Sovereignty

Complete rule over a state within its own territory

State

Country

Stateless Nation

Nation that doesn't have an independent state (Palestinians)

Subsequent Boundary

New people come in and boundaries were set to divide differences (Boundaries come after settlement to help get along)

Superimposed Boundary

Boundaries that ignore cultures already occupying the area (Ex: African countries split despite cultural conflict)

Supernationalism

3 or more states joining together for common purposes like economics (Ex: European Union)

Terrorism

Use of violence/threats to intimidate/force a government to meet demands

Unitary State

State where laws are administered uniformly by 1 central government (Complete central government to all)

Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD)

Weapon designed to inflict wide-spread death on a large scale (Ex: Hiroshima bombing in WW2)