1/3 Kaminski In-Class Review

Eye drops contain how many drops/mL unless otherwise specified?

20 drops/mL

What is the formula for BSA?

Microbial Contamination

• Source-

• Consequences-

• source: microbes( bacteria, etc.)

• consequence: infection

Chemical Contamination

• Source-

• Consequences-

• source- chemicals (or bacteria that produce chemicals)

• consequence- immunogenic/ toxic effects

Physical Contamination

• Source-

• Consequences-

• source: rubber from stoppers, glass, particulate matter

• consequence- occlusion of blood vessels, thrombosis, death, phlebitis

Personal Preparation for Compounding:

1. What should be done with jewelry?

2. Can nail polish or fake nails be worn?

3. Should you remove your outdoor clothes (Ex: coat)?

4. Should you remove makeup?

5. If I have a respiratory infection, is it okay if I compound as long as I’m wearing a face mask?

1. take it ALL off

2. NOPE

3. YEPP

4. YEPP

5. NOOOOOOOOOO

What conditions would preclude someone from going in IV room?

• rashes

• sunburns

• weeping sores

• respiratory infections

• conjunctivitis

What is the order for garbing?

1. shoes

2. hair

3. face mask

4. wash hands

5. gown

6. sanitize hands

7. glove

8. disinfect gloves

How do we properly wash our hands?

• at least 30 seconds

• warm water

• clean up to forearms, get under fingernails

• dry using lint-free towel

• water should run DOWN FINGERS TO ELBOWS

• most common product is chlorhexidine gluconate

Critical Site(s) of a Needle

• hub

• tip

• shaft

Critical site(s) of a syringe

• tip

• ribs of plunger

Critical site(s) of a vial

• rubber closure

Critical site(s) of a ampule

• neck

Critical site(s) of a bag

• additive/injection port

Quality Assurance is ________________.

a. proactive

b. retroactive

c. reactive

a- proactive

Quality Control is ________________.

a. proactive

b. retroactive

c. reactive

b- retroactive

Quality Assurance includes which of the following?

SATA:

a. policies

b. sampling

c. testing

d. procedures

a, d

Quality Control includes which of the following?

SATA:

a. policies

b. sampling

c. testing

d. procedures

b, c

Personal Training/ Evaluation should be performed every _____________.

a. month

b. 6 month

c. year

c- year (12 months)

A finger-tip test to analyze hand hygiene is performed in what room after what?

Performed in ante room after handwashing

For Initial finger-tip sampling to test hand hygiene, how many samples is/are needed? How many subsequent samples?

• Initially- 3

• Subsequently-1

All finger-tip tests are performed every ____ months.

6

To pass the finger-tip test for hand hygiene what cfu must you have?

0

To pass the finger-tip test for aseptic technique what cfu must you have?

less than or equal to 3

How many samples do you need to take initially and subsequently for the finger-tip test analyzing aseptic technique?

1

Media fill tests are performed every ____ months.

6

What’s passing and what’s failing for a media fill test?

• pass= clear

• fail= turbid (growth)

Air sampling tests are done every ____ month(s).

6

What is the frequency for surface sampling tests?

monthly

True/ False: Air sampling and surface sampling tests are performed in all classified areas.

true

Sporicidal cleaning is performed every _____________.

a. 6 months

b. year

c. month

d. day

c- month

What is cleaned daily?

• floors!!!!!

• PEC

• equipment/trays

What is cleaned monthly?

• walls

• doors

• storage shelves/bins

• ceilings if necessary

Hypotonic solutions shift water ___________________.

a. into the cell

b. out of the cell

c. not at all

a

Hypertonic solutions shift water ___________________.

a. into the cell

b. out of the cell

c. not at all

b

Isotonic solutions shift water ___________________.

a. into the cell

b. out of the cell

c. not at all

c

Risks of

• hypotonic solutions

• hypertonic solutions

• isotonic solutions

• hypo- hypotension, hemolysis, hyponatremia (think anything hypo causes hypo)

• hyper- circulatory overload, osmotic demyelination, venous irritation

• iso- fluid overload

Examples of

• hypotonic solutions

• hypertonic solutions

• isotonic solutions

• hypo- ½ NS, ¼ NS, D2.5W (anything <0.9% Saline or <5% Dextrose in Water)

• hyper- D10W, 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringers, 3% saline (anything >0.9% Saline or >5% Dextrose in Water)

• iso- NS, Ringer’s Solution, D5W

BWFI and bacteriostatic NS is ONLY used for ______________.

reconstitution

BWFI and bacteriostatic NS should not be used in ______________ or for what kind of administration?

• not used in neonates

• not for IV administration

Is water (SWFI, BWFI) isotonic?

Should water be used for direct patient administration?

• NOT isotonic

• NOT for direct patient administration

A Large Vol parental is >______mL.

>100 mL

A Small Vol parental is <______mL.

<100mL

IV pushes, boluses, IV piggybacks, and intermittent infusions are typical administration methods of ___________ volume parentals.

small

Continuous infusions are a typical method of administration for __________ volume parentals.

large

Do NOT use __________ for patients in a diabetic coma.

dextrose

Timing for

• IV push

• Intermittent Infusions

• Continuous Infusions

• IV push: seconds-minutes

• Intermittent Infusions: minutes-hours

• Continuous Infusions: constant

What are the typical diluents for reconstitution?

1. SWFI

2. BWFI

3. NS

4. Bacteriostatic NaCl 0.9%

What are the typical vehicles small/large volume for administrations?

• NS

• D5W

• Lactated Ringers

Additives are used to do what 4 things?

1. maintain sterility

2. maintain solubility

3. maintain stability

4. ease administration

“SASS”

True or False: Additives have some therapeutic efficacy.

FALSE- additives must NOT INTERFERE w/ therapeutic efficacy

Pyrogens are any foreign substance to the body that cause _________.

fever

Endotoxins are a type of pyrogen that are found in the walls of gram ______ bacteria.

a. neg

b. pos

a- negative