Substance Abuse Withdrawls

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7 Terms

1
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Alcohol

Uncomplicated (occurs shortly after stopping - peaks at day 2, improves 4/5 day)

  • Coarse tremor of hands, tongue, eyelids

  • Anorexia

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Malaise

  • Autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP)

  • Headache

  • Irritability

  • Insomnia

  • Anxiety

  • Depression/irritability

  • Transient hallucinations/illusions

Withdrawal Delirium or delirium tremens (occurs within 1 week of stopping)

  • Coarse, irregular tremors

  • Marked autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia, sweating)

  • Vivid hallucinations

  • Delusions

  • Agitated behavior

  • Fever

2
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Sedative, Hypnotics (Benzodiazepines)

  • Anxiety/irritability

  • Nausea/vomiting

  • Malaise

  • Autonomic hyperactivity (tachycardia/sweating)

  • Orthostatic hypotension

  • Coarse tremor of hands, tongue, and hands

  • Marked insomnia

  • Grand mal seizures

3
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Nicotine

  • Vasodilation

  • Headaches

  • Anger

  • Irritability

  • Frustration

  • Anxiety

  • Nervousness

  • Awakening at night

  • Difficulty concentrating

  • Depression

  • Hunger

  • Impatience/restlessness

  • Desire to smoke

4
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Cannabis (Marijuana)

Recreation Use

  • No withdrawal symptoms

Chronic Heavy Use

  • Irritability

  • Sleep disturbances

  • Weight loss

  • Loss of appetite

  • Sweating

5
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Cocaine (including Crack)

  • Dysphoric mood (anxiety, depression, irritability)

  • Fatigue

  • Insomnia/hypersomnia

  • Psychomotor agitation

6
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Amphetamines

  • Dysphoric mood (anxiety, depression, irritability)

  • Fatigue

  • Insomnia/hypersomnia

  • Psychomotor agitation

7
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Opiates (Morphine, Heroin, Meperidine)

  • Dilated pupils

  • Lacrimation

  • Runny nose

  • Tachycardia

  • Fever

  • Elevated BP

  • Insomnia

  • Restlessness

  • Irritability

  • Piloerection

  • Sweating

  • Diarrhea

  • Yawning

  • Depression

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Malaise

  • Tremor

  • Muscle and joint pains