Socialization

Flashcards about socialization, covering definitions, types, perspectives, processes, and agents of socialization.

Socialization

The cultural process of learning to participate in group life, including learning values, norms, and expectations.

Effects of Isolation on Children

Can lead to abuse, speaking and interacting difficulties, and physical difficulties such as eating and walking.

Organizational Socialization

A type of socialization where employees learn skills and knowledge specific to the organization.

Gender Socialization

A type of socialization where people learn gender norms and expectations.

Racial Socialization

A type of socialization where people learn norms and expectations associated with their racial group.

Functionalism Perspective on Socialization

Views socialization as a process where societal groups work together to create society and useful members, with institutions like schools and families socializing children to behave and conform.

Conflict Theory Perspective on Socialization

Sees socialization as a way of perpetuating the status quo, where people learn to accept their social status and not challenge it.

Symbolic Interactionism Perspective on Socialization

Focuses on how human nature is a product of society and concentrates on individuals, using concepts like self-concept and role-taking to explain socialization.

Self-Concept

An individual's image of themselves as separate from other people, developed through socialization.

Role-Taking

The process of seeing ourselves through the eyes of someone else, understanding others' perspectives.

Imitation Stage

The first stage of role-taking (1.5-4 years old) where a child imitates the physical and verbal behavior of significant others.

Play Stage

A stage of role-taking (4-6 years old) where a child acts and thinks as they imagine another person (e.g., mother, astronaut) would.

Game Stage

A stage of role-taking where children become able to consider several roles at once, involving many participants and rules.

Looking-Glass Self

A self-concept based on our idea of others' judgments of us, involving imagining how we appear, imagining others' reactions, and evaluating ourselves accordingly.

Total Institutions

Locations where residents are separated from society for the purpose of de-socialization and resocialization, such as boot camps, prisons, and cults.

De-socialization

The process where people give up old norms, values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors, destroying old self-concepts.

Resocialization

The process where people adopt new norms, values, and attitudes, giving them a new or altered self-concept.

Anticipatory Socialization

The voluntary process of preparing for new norms and behaviors, often aided by a reference group.

Agents of Socialization

Individuals, groups, and institutions (e.g., family, school, work, mass media, religion) that provide socialization.

Hidden Curriculum

Informal aspects of culture taught in schools, including discipline, cooperation, and conformity, preparing children for the adult world.

Religiosity

The types of religious attitudes and behavior people display in everyday life.