Pharmacology Ch. 11 Review

1) Hypertension is characterized by an increase in ________.

the systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure

2) Which category of drugs promotes the excretion of sodium and water in the urine to lower the blood pressure?

diuretic drugs

3) If the serum cholesterol level is too high, bile acid sequestrant drugs ________.

bind with bile to form an insoluble complex that is excreted in the feces

4) Nitrate drugs ________.

dilate the coronary arteries and increase the flow of oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

5) To decrease the pain of angina pectoris, beta-blocker drugs ________.

decrease the heart rate, which decreases the myocardium's need for oxygen

6) When the drug atropine is used to treat bradycardia, its action is to ________.

block acetylcholine receptors in the heart so that the heart rate increases

7) Beta-blocker drugs used to treat hypertension block all beta receptors in the heart and keep them from binding to ________.

epinephrine

8) ________ drugs relax smooth muscle in the walls of the arteries, cause the arteries to dilate, and are used to treat hypertension.

Peripheral vasodilator

9) Calcium channel blocker drugs block the movement of calcium ions into the heart muscle and smooth muscles in the blood vessels. This results in all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

lowering the cholesterol level

10) In addition to being used to treat hypertension and angina pectoris, the beta-blocker drug propranolol (Inderal) is also used to do all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

treat digitalis drug toxicity

11) All of these substances are part of the body's own natural blood pressure-regulating system, EXCEPT ________.

triglycerides

12) James Raucher has had asthma since he was a child. When he turned 60, he also developed hypertension. His physician prescribed a cardioselective beta-blocker drug to treat his hypertension because cardioselective beta-blocker drugs ________.

are better than other beta-blocker drugs in keeping the bronchi open and treating patients with hypertension and lung disease

13) Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The two trade names of digoxin are Lopid and Lanoxin.

14) The ending ________ is common to generic beta-blocker drugs.

-olol

15) Which of the following is a digitalis drug used to treat congestive heart failure?

digoxin (Lanoxin)

16) What is the trade name of the generic beta-blocker drug propranolol?

Inderal

17) The generic drug used to treat congestive heart failure is ________.

digoxin

18) All of the following are trade name calcium channel blocker drugs, EXCEPT ________.

Xylocaine

19) All of the following trade name drugs are used to treat an elevated level of cholesterol, EXCEPT ________.

Lanoxin

20) The trade names for nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

Zocor

21) An elevated level of cholesterol in the blood can be due to ________.

all of the above

22) Nitroglycerin is available in all of the following drug forms, EXCEPT ________.

inhaled powder

23) All of the following are beta-blocker drugs, EXCEPT ________.

hydralazine (Apresoline)

24) An elevated level of triglycerides can be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

excessive dietary intake of meat

25) The trade name for the antiarrhythmic generic drug lidocaine is ________.

Xylocaine

26) Which of the following drugs is NOT an ACE inhibitor drug used to treat hypertension?

telmisartan (Micardis)

27) Types of cardiac arrhythmias include all of the following, EXCEPT ________

hyperlipidemia

28) Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning digitalis drugs?

all of the above

29) Symptoms of digitalis toxicity include all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

a myocardial infarction

30) All of the following trade name drugs are used to treat an elevated level of cholesterol, EXCEPT ________.

Lopressor

31) Which of the following does NOT belong to the drug category of calcium channel blockers?

prazosin (Minipress)

32) How are symptoms of digitalis toxicity treated?

all of the above

33) ________ drugs are also known as "statin drugs."

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs

34) Drugs used to treat angina pectoris include all of the following, EXCEPT ________.

antiarrhythmic drugs

35) Suzi Choi is a professional golfer. She takes a beta-blocker drug to help ease the performance anxiety she feels when she has to play in front of large crowds or in a televised golf tournament. The beta-blocker drug relieves all of the following symptoms, EXCEPT ________.

arrhythmias

36) Very low-density lipoproteins carry ________ in the blood.

triglycerides

37) Which of the following is a combination drug that contains two drugs that both lower the serum cholesterol level?

Vytorin

38) All of the following categories of drugs are used to treat congestive heart failure, EXCEPT ________.

"statin drugs"

39) HDL, LDL, and VLDL are ________.

types of lipoproteins, carrier molecules or A and B

40) Lifestyle changes are the first treatment recommended for which of the following diseases?

hypertension, hyperlipidemia or B and C

41) The well-known generic name drug rosuvastatin that is used to treat hypercholesterolemia is related to the trade name drug ________.

Crestor

42) Over-the-counter, low-dose, 81-mg tablets of this anticoagulant drug are taken daily by patients with heart disease who have had a heart attack or stroke.

aspirin

(T/F) Hyperlipidemia is a category that includes both hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.

True

(T/F) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs block HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that is involved in the production of cholesterol in the body.

True

(T/F) A high level of HDL is undesirable

False

(T/F) By blocking an enzyme, ACE inhibitor drugs cause blood vessels to dilate, and this decreases the blood pressure.

True

(T/F) In patients with angina pectoris, anticoagulant drugs and thrombin inhibitor drugs are prescribed to prevent a blood clot that would cause a myocardial infarction.

True

(T/F) Drugs that are used to treat ventricular fibrillation are also used when the heart has already stopped beating (cardiac arrest).

False

(T/F) Alcoholic beverages contain sugar that is converted into triglycerides by the body.

True

Digitalis drugs have a positive inotropic effect in treating congestive heart failure because they cause a stronger, more forceful contraction of the heart muscle cells.

True

The pain of angina pectoris occurs when heart muscle cells die.

False

(T/F) All beta receptors are stimulated by the hormone epinephrine in response to stress or danger.

True

In 1967 when it was approved by the FDA, propranolol became the first drug in the beta-blocker category.

True

(T/F) After a myocardial infarction, drugs can be given to improve heart function and reverse the cells that have died.

False

(T/F) Chris Zanzone has just discovered that he has hyperlipidemia. Drug therapy, not lifestyle changes, is the first choice of treatment for hyperlipidemia.

False

(T/F) The suffix -sartan is common to generic angiotensin II receptor blocker drugs.

True

(T/F) Alpha-1-blocker drugs are used to treat hypertension because they block alpha1 receptors located in the arteries and veins.

True

(T/F) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs are used to treat hypercholesterolemia.

True

Digitalis drugs often causes toxicity because they have a short half-life.

False

(T/F) Oatmeal in the diet is an effective way to reduce the cholesterol level of the blood.

True

(T/F) Nesiritide (Natrecor), a drug used to treat congestive heart failure, is manufactured from E. coli bacteria, using recombinant DNA technology.

True

(T/F) Bile acid sequestrant drugs are used to treat the pain of angina pectoris.

False

(T/F) Inderide is a combination drug that contains the beta-blocker drug propranolol and the diuretic drug hydrochlorothiazide.

True

(T/F) The American Heart Association recommends eating fish and taking fish oil supplements that contain omega-3 fatty acids to reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

False

(T/F) Normal blood pressure is defined as 120/80 mm Hg.

True

(T/F) All generic HCG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs have a common ending of -statin.

True

(T/F) Oatmeal can lower the cholesterol in the blood because its oat fiber binds to bile and keeps it from being reabsorbed into the blood.

True

The abbreviation HTN stands for ________.

Hypertension

Diuretic drugs used to treat hypertension do this by promoting the excretion of ________ and water in the urine, which lowers the blood pressure.

sodium

To be transported through the blood, cholesterol and triglycerides must bind to certain carrier molecules, which are known as ________.

Lipoproteins

________ drugs are also known as cardiac glycoside drugs because they have a molecular structure that consists of chains of glucose sugar known as glycosides.

Digitalis

________ is the most frequently prescribed nitrate drug used to treat angina pectoris.

nitroglycerin

The generic drug used to treat ventricular fibrillation and that is also used as an anesthetic drug is known as lidocaine and its trade name is ________.

Xylocaine

Hypertension is caused by arteriosclerosis or kidney failure, but ________ hypertension has no identifiable cause.

Essential

Beta receptors located in the ________ are designated as beta1 receptors.

heart

Combination drugs used to treat hypertension often contain the diuretic drug hydrochlorothiazide, and this is shown because the trade name of the drug contains the abbreviation __________.

HCT

Cholesterol is produced by the ________ and also comes from dietary intake from foods.

Liver

Digoxin immune Fab, which is used to treat digitalis toxicity, is an antigen-binding fragment drug obtained from ________ that have been treated to produce antibodies against the molecular structure of the drug digoxin.

Sheep

The peripheral vasodilator drug minoxidil is used to treat hypertension, but it is also used topically under the trade name Rogaine to treat ________.

Thinning hair and baldness

The abbreviation HTN stands for ________.

Hypertension

The abbreviation ACE stands for ________.

angiotensin-converting enzyme

The phrase stepped-care approach is related to the treatment of __________.

Hypertension

The well-known generic beta-blocker drug propranolol is related to the trade name drug ________.

Inderal

The phrase "statin drugs" brings to mind the category of drugs used to treat high _______.

Cholesterol

diltiazem (Cardizem)

Calcium Channel blocker

hydralazine (Apresoline)

Peripheral vasodilator

losartan (Cozaar)

angiotensin II receptor blocker drug

propranolol (Inderal)

beta-blocker drug

quinapril (Accupril)

ACE inhibitor

adenosine (Adenocard)

ventricular tachycardia

lidocaine (Xylocaine)

ventricular fibrillation

atropine

bradycardia

digoxin (Lanoxin)

atrial flutter and fibrillation

isoproterenol (Isuprel)

heart block