The Nature of Substances and Chemical Reactions

Flashcards covering the topic of atomic structure, chemical reactions, and calculations based on a provided lecture transcript.

Each atom has negatively charged particles orbiting a nucleus with a positive charge.

Atom

Contains protons and neutrons, resulting in an overall positive charge.

Nucleus

Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means and are the basic building blocks of all substances.

Elements

Substances that contain two or more elements joined together chemically, having chemically different properties than the elements that compose them.

Compounds

Atoms are rearranged during a chemical reaction, but none are created or destroyed.

Chemical Reactions

Compounds formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal atom, forming charged particles called ions.

Ionic Compounds

Different atomic forms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Isotopes

A mixture is made from different substances that are not chemically joined.

Mixture

Separates an insoluble solid from a liquid.

Filtration

Separates a soluble solid from a liquid.

Evaporation

Can be used to separate mixtures of colored compounds.

Chromatography

Separating liquids due to boiling point.

Distillation

Heat is given out (think exit).

Exothermic

Heat is absorbed.

Endothermic