You Gotta Know: Psychologists

A set of vocabulary-style flashcards covering key psychologists and core concepts from the notes.

Freud

psychoanalysis; proposed the psyche comprises id, ego, and superego; used free association and dream interpretation to reveal unconscious conflicts. Notable works include The Interpretation of Dreams and Psychopathology of Everyday Life.

Jung

ounded analytic psychology; introduced concepts like the collective unconscious, containing universal archetypes such as the anima.

Adler

proposed individual psychology, focusing on the inferiority complex as a motivator for striving for superiority and the concept of self-realization.

Pavlov

known for his work on conditioned reflexes and classical conditioning, such as his experiments with dogs salivating to a bell; Nobel Prize winner in 1904.

Watson

founder of behaviorism, emphasizing the objective measurement of observable behavior, famously demonstrated in the "Little Albert" experiment.

Skinner

Leading behaviorist and advocate of operant conditioning, a learning process where behavior is shaped over time through reinforcement and punishment, as shown in his work with pigeons.

Piaget

known for his four-stage theory of cognitive development in children (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational). Key works include The Language and Thought of a Child and The Origins of Intelligence in Children.

Erikson

developed the eight-stage theory of psychosocial development, describing how social and cultural factors influence personality across the lifespan.

Maslow

proposed the hierarchy of needs, a pyramid structure including physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and culminating in self-actualization.

Milgram

known for his obedience to authority experiments conducted at Yale, highlighting concepts like "six degrees of separation" and utilizing methods like the lost-letter technique.