Human Bio Chapter 1

Six defining qualities of living things

1. Different molecular composition than nonliving things,

2. require energy and raw materials,

3. composed of cells,

4. maintain homeostasis,

5. respond to their external environment,

6. grow and reproduce

What are the three domains?

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

What are the four main groups of Domain Eukarya?

Protists, Kingdom Animalia, Kingdom Fungi, Plantae

Name 3 fundamental criteria used for classification.

Presence/absence of a nucleus (no for Bacteria and Archaea, yes for Eukarya); Number of cells, type of metabolism

Protists:

unicellular, eukaryotic (protozoa, algae, slime molds)

Plantae:

multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic

Animalia:

multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic (can't make its own food)

Fungi:

eukaryotic, decomposers like mushrooms and molds

Classification of humans:

Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Sapiens

What is the smallest unit of the classification system?

species: one or more populations or organism; can breed, similar characteristics.

What is the second smallest unit?

genus

What makes up binomial nomenclature?

Term used to denote a species, combining the genus with the species itself. Example: Homo sapiens (sapiens means "wise")

Name four defining features of humans.

Bipedal, large brains, opposable thumbs, capacity for language

Level of biological organization: (eleven)

Atom/molecule, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Steps in the scientific method:

Observe and generalize
Formulate a hypothesis
Make a testable prediction
Experiment or observe
Modify the hypothesis as necessary and repeat

Define "hypothesis"

a tentative statement about the natural world

How should a hypothesis be tested?

under many different conditions to ensure its logic

Define "experiment"

a carefully planned and executed manipulation of the natural world.

How is truth of falsehood of prediction tested?

by observation and experimentation

Can a hypothesis be proven true?

No, it can only be supported or disproved.

How can a hypothesis become a theory?

How can a hypothesis become a theory?