Anion and Cation Tests Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover tests for anions, cations, gases, and metal ions based on lecture notes.

What gas is produced when testing for carbonate ions (CO₃²-) with dilute acid?

Carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) is produced, indicated by effervescence.

What is the test for chloride ions (Cl-) in solution?

Add dilute nitric acid followed by aqueous silver nitrate to produce a white precipitate.

How do you test for the presence of sulfate ions (SO₄²-) in solution?

Acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add aqueous barium nitrate to produce a white precipitate.

What color change indicates the presence of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) in a gas test?

The acidified aqueous potassium manganate (VII) changes color from purple to colorless.

What does a red flame indicate in a flame test?

The presence of lithium ions (Li+).

What is the effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide on copper(II) ions (Cu²+)?

Produces a light blue precipitate, which is insoluble in excess.

What happens when hydrogen gas (H₂) is tested with a lighted splint?

It 'pops' with the lighted splint.

What color flame is produced when testing for sodium ions (Na+)?

A yellow flame is produced.

What test do you perform to detect ammonia (NH₃) gas?

Ammonia turns damp red litmus paper blue.

What precipitate forms when testing for zinc ions (Zn²+) with aqueous sodium hydroxide?

A white precipitate is formed, which is soluble in excess, resulting in a colorless solution.