Studied by 14 people
Photosynthesis
Uses the energy from sunlight to produce the chemical energy needed for life
ATP and NADPH
High energy
ADP and NADP+
Lower energy
Molecules used in Photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide and water goes in, oxygen is a waste product
Different Absorption Spectrums
Why leaves change color
Rate of photosynthesis increases
When light increases, when carbon dioxide increases, when temperature increases
Independent Variable
Limiting factor being investigated
Dependent variable
Value which depends on others
Control Variables
Constant unchanged items
The 2 things photosynthesis is divided into
Light dependent reactions or carbon fixation reactions
Chloroplasts
Where photosynthesis takes place in
Thylakoid membrane
Internal membrane arranged in flattened sacs that contain chlorophyll and other pigments
Grana
Stacks of thylakoid membrane
Stroma
Semi-liquid surrounding thylakoid membrane
Light Dependent Reactions
Light energy used to split water, releasing H+ which can be used by ATP synthetase to produce ATP
Chlorophyll in photosystem 2
Absorbs light energy which raises the energy level of electrons (photo activation)
Photo activated electrons
Passed through membrane, used to pump protons
Chemiosmosis
Diffusion of ions across a selectively permeable membrane
Carbon Fixation Reactions
Build carbs, eells needed
Light Independent Reactions
Glucose is produced and is stored as starch and is used for growth or respiration
Carbon Fixation Stroma
RuBP is carboxylated with CO2, catalyzed by enzyme rubisco
The 6C product of Carbon Fixation
Splits into 2 glucose and 3 phosphate, used to regenerate RuBP
Calvin Cycle (Carbon Fixation)
Biochemical pathway that allows for carbon fixation, occurs in the Stroma, uses ATP/NADPH, incorporates CO2 in organic molecules
Carbon Fixation
The incorporation of CO2 into organic molecules
Respiration
The controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells to form ATP
Reactions move to the mitochondria
If oxygen is present in respiration
Cell Respiration
The controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells
The most common hydrogen carrier
NAD (NADH)
Less frequent hydrogen carrier
FAD (FADH2)
Glycolysis
The splitting of glucose into 2 pyruvates (in the cytoplasm
Link Reaction
Aerobic cell respiration pyruvate is decarboxylated and oxidized then converted into a comping and attached to coenzyme to form Acetyl CoA
Kreb’s Cycle
Reduces electron carriers in preparation for oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain and chemiosmosis), CO2 is a by-product
Electron Transport Chain
A series of integral protein complexes act as electron carriers. 3 go into Matrix (NAD, FADH2, & H+), ATP Synthase is after and brings H+ out
Chemoismosis
The diffusion of ions across a semi-permeable membrane, through a carrier protein ions are hydrogen protons, carrier is ATP Synthase
Nature of Science
Paradigm shift—the chemiosmotic theory led to a paradigm shift in the field of bio energetic s. Synthesis is coupled to electron transport chain and proton movement
Note 
Flashcard (32)