ITPX 2: Exam 1: Diseases and Disorders Affecting Nutrient Absorption-not done but almost

What is an intake disorder

any disorder that affects the ability to swallow (dysphagia)

In an intake disorder, there in an increased risk of ____

aspiration

T/F: Intake disorders typically affect multiple components of the GI tract

False

6 examples of motility abnormalities

• small bowel obstruction (SBO)

• Ileus

• Colonic pseudo-obstruction

• gastroparesis

• dumping syndrome

• diarrhea

Treatment of an SBO may include:

supportive care

treatment of underlying condition

surgery

NG tube suction

IV fluids and electrolytes

What is ileus?

lack of movement in the intestine

What is a common cause of ileus

abdonimal surgery

what are some medications that may cause ileus?

sedatives

opioid analgesics

alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists

catecholamine vasopressors

4 treatment options for ileus

NG tube suction

IV fluids and electrolytes

minimal use of sedatives

early enteral nutrition post surgery

What does Dumping Syndrome cause?

rapid gastric emptying

Dumping syndrome is the result of _____

stomach/ esophageal surgery (bariatric)

Early dumping is _____ post ingestion, while late dumping is _____ post digestion

30-60 minutes, and 2-3 hours

What are some common symptoms of Dumping Syndrome

• N/V/D

• feeling full

• cramping

• palpitations

• flushing

• dizziness

Dietary modifications to help with Dumping Syndrome:

• frequent small meals

• limit liquids with meals

• focus on protein/ fiber

• lie down after meals

Main medication used in Dumping Syndrome is?

Octreotide (somatostatin)

Two big causes for gastroparesis: ______ nerve damage and uncontrolled ______

vagus, diabetes

Dietary/ lifestyle treatments for gastroparesis may include:

• small meals

• low fat

• low fiber

• high liquid content

• walking after meals

Medications and classes used to treat gastroparesis:

• prokinetics (metoclopramide, erythromycin)

• antiemetics and pain relief

What medications may lead to/ exacperate gastroparesis:

• narcotis

• TCA’s

• nicotine

• progesterone

• lithium

• dopamine agonists

• CCB’s

• GLP-1 RA

Which of the following conditions speeds up gastric motility, resulting in decreased absorption of nutrients?

a. gastroparesis

b. ileus

c. parkinson’s

d. dumping syndrome

dumping syndrome

Most common bariatric surgery:

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Roux-en-Y surgery requires supplementation of what two things?

vitamins and minerals

Roux-en-Y resects the small bowel, connecting the ______ to the stomach and ____

jejunum, duodenum

Sleeve gastrectomy removes _____ % of the stomach

80

which surgery gives you a banana stomach

slevel gastrectomy

Post bariatric surgery requires ____ ounces of fluid per day and ____-_____ g of protein per day

64, 60-100

Immediately after bariatric surgery, patient must be on a liquid diet. How many ounces per what time period?

1 fl oz per Q15 minutes

AT A MINIMUM bariatric surgery patients need LIFELONG supplementation of what 5 things

• MVI

• B12

• Calcium

• Vitamin D

• Iron

It is recommended that patients post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery intake small meals to prevent what sequalae?

Dumping syndrome

when the ileum is affected in IBD, what is a main vitamin whose absorption is affected?

B12

Etiology of Short Bowel Syndrome

tumor, trauma, surgical complications, IBD

What medication is used to treat short bowel syndrome

Teduglutide (Gattex) - GLP-2 analog

2 nutritional issues in pancreatic disease

B12 and malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins

In liver disease, degree of malnutrition correlates with ___ _ ___

severity of disease

Alcohol use disorder causes malabsorption of what? (7 things from slides)

• fat

• nitrogen

• sodium/ water

• thiamine

• folic acid

• B12

If a patient has a Crohn’s flare, significantly affecting the ileum, what nutrient is most likely affected?

a. A

b. B12

c. Calcium

d. Zinc

b. B12