Lecture Notes Vocabulary

Flashcards covering key vocabulary from the lecture notes.

PICOTS

A search format used to find the effectiveness of an intervention.

PEO

A search format used to determine risk after exposure.

CoCoPopPI

A search format used to find incidence or prevalence of a condition in a specific population.

PIRD

A search format used to find the best diagnostic test.

Incidence

The rate of new cases of a disease or condition in a population over a specific time period.

Prevalence

The proportion of a population that has a specific disease or condition at a particular time.

EBP

Evidence-Based Practice; Using evidence to improve patient outcomes.

Inquiry

The process of asking questions and seeking answers.

Reflection

The process of critically thinking about one's experiences and observations.

Financial Gain

Profit earned from the investment.

Loss

When expenses exceed revenue.

Responsibility

The state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or of having control over someone.

Solution

A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.

Symptoms

A physical or mental feature that is regarded as indicating a condition of disease.

Diagnosis

The identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms.

Clinical Question

A question that arises from a clinical situation and can be answered with evidence-based research.

Search Formats

Frameworks like PICOTS, PEO, CoCoPopPI, PIRD used to structure clinical search questions.

Effectiveness

The degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.

Systematic Reviews

A review that assesses and synthesizes all empirical evidence that meets pre-specified eligibility criteria to answer a specific research question.

Abstract

A brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding, or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject or discipline.

Boolean Operators

Terms like AND, OR, NOT used to combine or exclude keywords in a search.

Title

The name of a research article.

Any data point present

Inclusive.

All data points are present

Exclusive.

Evidence-based

Based on or supported by scientific evidence.

Double-blind

Neither do the patients nor doctors know who is in control group.

Validity

Extent to which a concept, conclusion or measurement is well-founded and likely corresponds accurately to the real world.

Reliability

The degree to which the result of a measurement, calculation, or specification that can be depended on to be accurate.

Levels of Evidence

A hierarchy used to rate the strength and quality of evidence from research studies.

Randomized Control Trial

Experimental design with best evidence in a controlled population.

Cochrane Library

Database for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

EBSCOhost

Online research platform providing access to multiple databases.

Data Collected

Objective and can be quantified.

Meta-Analysis

Statistical procedure for combining data from multiple studies.

Professionalism

The competence or skill expected of a professional.

Ethics

Moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.

HIPPA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; protect confidentiality in the context of social media.

Social Media

Websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking.

Professional Boundaries

Limits that protect the space between the nurse's professional power and the patient's vulnerability;

Nursing Informatics

Integration of nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice.

Medical Innovation

Introduce a new method, idea, or product.

Artifical Intelligence

The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.

Vocal Biomarkers

A measurable and quantifiable voice feature that can serve as an indicator of normal biological processes.

3D Printing

Making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file.

Precision Health

An approach to health care that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each person.

Clinical Setting

A healthcare environment where patient care is delivered.

Nursing Practice

The application of nursing knowledge, skills, and judgment in the provision of patient care.

Healthcare System

The organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations.

Qualitative data

Open-ended text.

Quantitative data

Measured and objective.

Level of significance

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true, denoted as α.

Sample size

The number of subjects or observations included in a study.

Social Networking

The use of dedicated websites and applications to interact with other users, or to find people with similar interests to oneself.

Informed consent

Permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences.

Meta Data

A set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

Clinical Practice

a component of overall patient care that is provided by a skilled practitioner of medicine

Therapy

Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder.

Longitudinal Study

An observational research method in which data is gathered for the same subjects repeatedly over a period of time.

Prospective Study

A type of cohort study where participants are enrolled into the study before they develop the disease or outcome in question.

Peer review

Evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field.

Descriptive Design

Describes the characteristics of a population or phenomenon.

Experimental Design

A method that manipulates one or more variables to determine a casual effect.

Morbidity

The condition of being diseased.

Mortality

The state of being subject to death.

Cohort Study

A longitudinal study that samples a cohort, performing a cross-section at intervals through time.

Correlational

The degree to which two or more attributes or measurements on the same group of elements show a tendency to vary together.

Translators

Tools that convert information from one language of representation to another.

Unstructured Data

Refers to information that either does not have a pre-defined data model or is not organized in a pre-defined manner.

Open-ended Questions

Allow participants to respond in their own words, providing detailed and nuanced information.

Subjective

Based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.

Levels of Nuance

Subtle differences in or shades of meaning, expression, or feeling.

Codify

Arrange according to plan or system.

Closed-ended Questions

Provide participants with a limited set of response options, such as multiple-choice or yes/no answers.

Instruments

A tool or device used for a particular purpose, especially in scientific or technical work.

Experiments

A scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.

Controlled Instruments

Instruments that are carefully managed and regulated to ensure accuracy, validity, and reliability.

Objective

Not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

Empirical Research

Research based on observed and measured phenomena and derives knowledge from actual experience rather than from theory or belief.

Scientific Research

Systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Critical Thinking Skills

The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment.

Credibility of health information

The quality of being trusted and believed in health information sites.

Misinformation

False or inaccurate information, especially that which is deliberately intended to deceive.

Innovation

The introduction of something new; a new idea, method, or device.

Medical Innovations

New devices, treatments, or procedures intended to improve health outcomes.

Clinical Research

Research conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of medical treatments, devices, and diagnostic products.

Systematic Investigation

Planned, organized, and rigorous inquiry undertaken to answer a research question or test a hypothesis.

Research Question

Clearly defined question that a researcher aims to answer through systematic investigation.

Hypothesis

Testable statement or prediction about the relationship between variables.

Data Collection

The process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest in a systematic way.

Statistical Analysis

The process of examining data to summarize, describe, and draw meaningful conclusions.

Interpretation of Results

The process of assigning meaning and significance to the findings of a study.

Dissemination of Findings

The process of sharing research findings with the broader scientific community and the public.

Ethics of Social Media

Addresses the ethical considerations and responsibilities individuals and organizations should uphold when using social media platforms.

Patient privacy

The right of patients to control the disclosure of their health information.

Research

The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.