Vocabulary Flashcards for Philippine History

150 vocabulary flashcards based on the content regarding history, historiography, and significant figures in Philippine history.

History

Derived from the Greek word historia, meaning learning by inquiry.

Historiography

The study of historical writing and the gathering of documents to create narratives.

Factual history

Presents the basic information regarding historical events such as what, when, where, and who.

Speculative history

Goes beyond facts to explore the reasons and ways events happened.

Chronological order

Arrangement of events in the order they occurred in time.

Historians

Individuals who study and write about history.

Historical method

The process of critically examining and analyzing past records.

Primary sources

Original, first-hand accounts of events created during the period being studied.

Secondary sources

Materials produced after an event that analyze or interpret primary sources.

Artifacts

Objects from the past that provide evidence about historical events.

Relics

Artifacts that consist of physical remains, providing clues about past human experiences.

Oral evidence

Information passed down through generations via spoken word and historical narratives.

Diplomatic sources

Legal documents that record existing legal situations or create new ones.

Social documents

Records that pertain to economic, social, political, or judicial significance.

Material evidence

Archaeological evidence including artistic creations and objects from the past.

Context analysis

Evaluation that considers when, where, and what context a primary source was created.

Verisimilitude

The aim of achieving truth and authenticity in historical reconstruction.

Historical criticism

Examination of the origins of texts to understand their context and meaning.

External criticism

Determines the authenticity of a source through analysis of its materials and evidence.

Internal criticism

Determines the historicity of the facts contained in a document.

Test of authenticity

Methods used to establish whether a document is genuine.

Chronicles

Historical accounts or narratives that report events in a sequential manner.

Egodocuments

Personal accounts such as diaries or memoirs that provide individual perspectives.

Hagiography

The writing of the lives of saints, often emphasizing their virtues.

Census records

Government records that detail population statistics and demographics.

Provenance

The history of ownership of a valued item, especially regarding its authenticity.

Fossils

Preserved remains of ancient organisms important for archaeological studies.

Civil registry records

Documents that record birth, marriage, death, and other crucial life events.

Chronological frameworks

Schemas for understanding events based on their temporal relationships.

Annotations

Notes added to a text to explain, interpret, or comment on the content.

Paleo-zoology

The study of ancient animal life through fossil evidence.

Cultural artifacts

Items created by a culture, showcasing its values and beliefs.

Diaries

Written records of daily activities, thoughts, and experiences.

News articles

Written reports on current events, often published in newspapers.

Legal charters

Official documents outlining legal rights or agreements.

Religious beliefs

The spiritual convictions held by individuals or communities.

Migratory routes

Paths taken by groups when relocating from one region to another.

Cross-cultural analysis

Comparative examination of different cultures to identify similarities and differences.

Native clergy

Local religious leaders, often involved in social and political realms.

Barangay

A smaller community led by a chief, historically significant in Philippine social structure.

Maharlicas

The noble class in Tagalog society, retaining their status from both parents.

Cultural practices

Traditional behaviors or rituals unique to a specific community.

Ferdinand Magellan

The Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe.

Antonio Pigafetta

Chronicler of Magellan's voyage, providing detailed accounts of the expedition.

Indigenous customs

Traditions and practices native to a specific group of people.

Spices

A trade commodity sought after by explorers, particularly during the Age of Exploration.

Cavite Mutiny

An uprising by Filipino laborers and soldiers against Spanish colonial authorities in 1872.

Gomburza

The martyred Filipino priests executed after the Cavite Mutiny, symbolizing colonial oppression.

Spanish colonial rule

The period of Spanish dominance over the Philippines lasting over 300 years.

Guerilla warfare

A form of irregular warfare using small groups of combatants against a larger traditional army.

Katipunan

A revolutionary society aimed at gaining independence from Spanish rule.

Blood compact

A ritual of friendship and alliance symbolized by the mingling of blood.

Significant dates

Important historical dates that mark key events in history.

Cultural diffusion

The spread of cultural beliefs and social activities from one group to another.

Political cartoons

Illustrated pictures that comment on political events or issues.

Editorial criticism

The analytic commentary on societal issues presented through media.

Symbolic gestures

Actions that represent larger ideas or movements, often in a political context.

Revolutionary movements

Collective efforts aimed at drastic change in political or social systems.

Ethnographic studies

Research focusing on social practices and cultural phenomena of different groups.

Colonial domination

The control exerted by a foreign power over another territory.

Folk songs

Traditional songs that reflect the cultural identity of a community.

Cultural heritage

The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group.

Historical narratives

Accountings of past events, often shaped by the perspectives of those recording them.

Social hierarchy

The organization of individuals into different social ranks or classes.

Ritual practices

Ceremonial actions performed in accordance with cultural or religious beliefs.

Customs of the Tagalogs

An ethnographic work documenting the practices of Tagalog people in the 16th century.

Social structures

The organized patterns of relationships and social arrangements within a society.

Cultural rituals

Ceremonies and rites that are significant within a cultural context.

Economic significance

The importance of a certain aspect in relation to its financial impact on a community.

Political significance

The importance of an event or action in terms of its effect on power structures.

Judicial significance

The role or importance of laws and legal systems in shaping societies.

Communications technology

Advancements that enhance the transfer of information.

Ferdinand Marcos

The former president of the Philippines known for declaring martial law.

Cory Aquino

First female president of the Philippines, known for her role in the People Power Revolution.

Insurgency

An active revolt or uprising against an established government or authority.

Political power struggles

Conflict for control or influence over political institutions.

Reconciliation mechanisms

Processes put in place to foster peace and resolve conflicts.

State of emergency

A situation in which the government is empowered to take extraordinary measures.

Colonial awareness

Understanding the impact of colonization on societal structures and local identity.

Martyrdom

The act of suffering persecution for one's beliefs or cause.

National identity

The sense of a nation as a cohesive whole, represented by distinctive traditions and culture.

Ideological divides

Discrepancies in beliefs or philosophies that can lead to conflict.

Civil rights

The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.

Presidential addresses

Formal speeches delivered by a president, often outlining policies or values.

Cultural preservation

Efforts to maintain cultural heritage and community practices.

Historical accounts

Recorded narratives of past events, interpreted through various sources.

Resistance movements

Collective actions by a group to oppose oppression or injustice.