Intro to Metabolism cells and organisnst chemical factories (chapter 6 ppt)

metabolism

All the chemical reactions within an organism. Organisms are not isolated from their environments. Organisms metabolism modifies energy and matter from the environment to use

Kinetic energy

energy of motion

thermal energy (heat)

kinetic energy of random movement of molecules

chemical energy

available for release in a chemical reaction. Food molecules reacting with oxygen provide chemical energy to biological systems

metabolic pathways

change starting molecules into products through a series of reactions. Starting molecule (one) to produce (last)

two types of metabolic pathways

catabolic, anabolic

catabolic pathway (CAT)abolic

overall release energy, break down complex molecules to simpler compounds. more likely to break stuff than to build stuff

anabolic pathway

Overall, consuming energy to build complicated molecules from similar ones, bodybuilders are trying to build muscle

exergonic

energy released, spontaneous - but could take years

Endergonic

The Energy required for, transition state is higher in energy. Enzymes lower the energy needed to ‘jumpstart’ the reaction so that it can proceed quickly

where does the cell get the energy needed to make anabolic pathways?

energy obtained by catabolic (breaking down food)to power anabolic pathways (building new molecule protein energy)

what is the energy “currency”

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

ATP can be remade from ADP + P

working muscle cells use up all their ATP in less than a minute