apush unit 2 vocab

House of Burgesses

the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619,

tobacco

Cash crop that made a profit and saved Jamestown

John Rolfe

He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married Pocahontas). He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export

Charter Colony

type of colony: retain the rights of the state

Proprietary Colony

type of colony: one or more landowners retain rights of the state

Royal Colony

type of colony: controlled by king (British gov.)

joint-stock company

A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts.

Virginia Company

An English joint-stock company that received a charter from King James I that allowed it to found the Virginia colony, Jamestown.

Indentured Servitude

labor under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for their transportation, food, clothing, lodging, and other necessities.

Slaves

a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them.

Barbados Slave Code

The first formal statute governing the treatment of slaves provided for harsh punishments against offending slaves but lacked penalties for the mistreatment of slaves by masters.

Lord Baltimore

Member of a prominent English Catholic family who established Maryland colony

Act of Toleration

provided religious freedom for Christians only

Lords Proprietors

8 supporters to whom King Charles II of England gave a grant to establish a colony, (Carolina)

Charles Town

main carolina trading center with rice as the principal export

Anglican

A Protestant denomination that was the majority in the plantation colonies

Mayflower Compact

the first governing document of Plymouth Colony (temporary)

William Bradford

first governor of the Plymouth colony

Great puritan migration

20,000 Puritans came to America in the span of 10 years

Puritans

A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.

Separatists

English Protestants who would not accept allegiance in any form to the Church of England. Included the Pilgrims and Quakers

Martin Luther

a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices.

Massachusetts Bay Company

A group of wealthy Puritans who were granted a royal charter in 1629 to settle in Massachusetts Bay

John Winthrop

chosen governor of Massachusetts

Boston

founded capital of MA

Anne Hutchinson

challenged predestination and gender roles, banished from MA, moved to RI

Roger Williams

Puritan Minister spoke out against forcing Puritan religion in MA, left, and created RI

Praying Town

Indians from various tribes were gathered to be Christianize;, if refused, they were pushed westward and sometimes killed

Pequot War

1638 war against pequots

King philips war

1676 war against Wampanoags

Dutch West india company

joint stock company that ran the colonies in now-a-day New York called New Netherland

New Amsterdam

Largest city in New Netherland, now NYC

Quakers

Protestant reformers who believe in the equality of all people, most anarchistic and democratic of the time

Philadelphia

Capital of Pennsylvania becoming a major colonial center

William Penn

founder of Pennsylvania, granted as a debt from Charles 2

tobacco cultivation

primary economic engine of the chesapeake region

Bacon's Rebellion

alliance between european freed indentured servants and africans. sparked turnover from IS to slaves

Nathaniel Bacon

western farmer who led Bacon rebellion

Salem Witch Trials

1692 outbreak of witchcraft accusations in a Massachusetts Bay puritan village

Great Awakening

Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established.

Jonathan Edwards

Preacher during the First Great Awakening; "Sinners in the hands of angry god"

Salutary Neglect

An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies