MINOR BLOOD GROUPS

STOMATOCYTE

REVIEW

What poikilocyte is present in the absence or mutations of the RHAG gene responsible for Rh null disease

DIEGO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (010)

Two sets of independent pairs of antithetical antigens and three low-incidence antigens

Two sets of independent pairs of antithetical

Dia/Dib and Wra/Wrb

three low-incidence antigens

Wda, Rba, WARR

Dia antigen

has served as a useful tool in anthropologic studies of Mongolian ancestry

Dia antigen

is rare in all populations except those of Mongolian ancestry, Asian people, and native American Indians

Dia and Dib antigens

are located on the anion exchange molecule (AE-1)

Anion exchange molecule (AE-1)

which is an integral transport protein involved in the anion exchange of bicarbonate for chloride in the red blood cell membrane

Wright antigens

were the first classified as an independent blood group system and later as a collection

Dia and Dib antibodies

are characterized as red cell-stimulated, IgG antibodies that do not bind complement and are reactive in indirect antiglobulin testing.

Two types of anti-Wra

a naturally-occurring (gM) and immune-stimulated

(gG)

Defects in the carrier of the Diego antigens are associated with

Hereditary spherocytosis

Congenital acanthocytosis

Southeast Asian ovalocytosis

CARTWRIGHT BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (011

It is composed of two antigens

Yta and Ytb

Yta

a high-incidence antigen present in

99.8 percent of the general population

Ytb

a low incidence antigen, present in 8 percent of the general population

Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase

Location of Cartwright Blood Group System

Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase

an enzyme involved in neurotransmission

Yta and Ytb antibodies

are IgG antibodies reactive in indirect antiglobulin test and are considered to be Clinically important

because they are predominantly red cell stimulated.

XG BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (012)

* Only the Xga antigen has been identified with no known antithetical partner

X-linked Ag

The gene that encodes for the Xg allele is located on the short arm of the X chromosome

CD99

Xg antigen is carried by a protein with cell adhesion properties that has been demonstrated to have homology with the _____ molecule

89% - Female

66% - Male

FREQUENCY OF Xga antigen

Anti-Xga antibodies

are predominantly lg reactive in the indirect antiglobulin testing

sensitive to enzymes but not dithiothreitol treatment

have not been associated with causing transfusion reactions or HDN.

SCIANNA BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (013)

composed of the Sc1, Sc2, and Sc3 antigens

Sc2 antigen

Prevalent SC system among MENNONITE population

anti-Sc1 and anti-Sc2 antibodies

IgG, red cell-stimulated, and react in indirect antiglobulin testing, neither has been implicated in

transfusion reactions.

Anti-Sc3 antibodies

IgG, red cell-stimulated, and reacting in the IAT phase

has been linked to causing mild transfusion reactions.

CHIDO/RODGERS BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (017)

Include 9 antigens

six - Chido

two - Rodgers

one - WH antigen

CHIDO/RODGERS BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (017)

It is postulated with its association with the HLA system including

Bennett-Goodspeed

Aside from Ch/Rg this blood group system is also HLA antigen associated

C4A, C4B

alleles for RG and CH have been located on two closely linked genes known as ___ and _____ on chromosome 6.

6

What chromosome number does the alleles for Ch/Rg located

CHIDO/RODGERS BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (017)

Have been found to demonstrate activity on CD4 complement component

anti-Ch/Rg antibodies

characterized as High Titer Low Avidity antibodies

High Titer Low Avidity antibodies

demonstrate reaction only at HIGH dilution, but weak reaction in other dilutions.

GERBICH BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (020)

Complex system that is composed of three high-incidence antigens (Ge2, Ge3, and Ge4) and four low

incidence antigens (Wb, Lsa, Ana and Dha)

2

GE antigens are inherited on Chromosome ____

C, D

GE antigens are expressed on glycophorins ___ and ____

Leach phenotype

absent of Ge2, Ge3,Ge4 antigens present with a change in RBC morphology in the form of ELLIPTOCYTES

ACANTHOCYTE

REVIEW

What poikilocyte is present in the absence of Kx antigen in RBC as seen in McLeod Phenotype

CROMER BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (021)

Composed of seven high-incidence antigens (Cra, Tca, Dra, Esa, IFc, UMC, and WESb) and three low-incidence antigens (Tc,Tc,WESa)

decay accelerating factor (DAF)

Carrier of CROMER antigens

decay accelerating factor (DAF)

involved with the regulation of complement activation by accelerating the decay of the C3 and C5 convertases

CROM antibodies

are rarely observed, with the majority of examples presenting in black individuals

KNOPS BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (022)

Composed of five antigens: Kna (Knops), Knb, McCa (Mccoy), Sla, and Yka (York)

1

KN blood group have been located on what chromosome

complement receptor one (CR1)

KN antigens resides on

Helgeson phenotype

Represents the serologic null phenotype for the Knops blood group.

INDIAN BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM (023)

Composed of two antithetical antigens, Ina and Inb which are of

relatively low and high incidence,

CD44

IN antigens are carried on the hematopoietic isoform of the _________ marker, which is known for

its immune adhesion properties

CD44 marker

known for its immune adhesion properties

Bga

corresponds to HLA-B7

Bgb

corresponds to HLA-B17

Bgc

corresponds to HLA-A28

HLA Class I

What HLA class does the Bennett-Goodspeed belong?

HIGH INCIDENCE ANTIGENS (PUBLIC ANTIGENS)

Antigens of high frequency are defined as occurring in 99.9% of the population

At (a-), Cr (a-), and Jo (a-)

phenotypes are predominantly found in Blacks

LOW-INCIDENCE ANTIGENS (PRIVATE ANTIGENS)

Defined as antigens with an incidence of less than 1%

LOW-INCIDENCE ANTIGENS (PRIVATE ANTIGENS)

antigenic characteristic of the red blood cell membrane that is unique to an individual or a related family of individuals and therefore is not commonly found on all cells (usually less than 1% of the population)

HIGH-TITER, LOW-AVIDITY (HTLA) ANTIBODIES

Anti-Ch (Chido)

Anti-Yka (York)

Anti-Rg (Rodgers)

Anti-Csa (Cost)

Anti-Kn (Knops)

Anti-McC (McCoy)

Anti-JMH (John Milton Hagen)