Orthopedics 1

When does progressive loss of bone mass occur?

After age 30, it makes the bones fragile and prone to fractures (especially hip, wrist, and vertebrae)

What can loss of height be caused by?

Vertebral collapse and thinning of intervertebral discs

What does muscle atrophy and increased collagen lead to?

Loss of strength, flexibility, and agility

What does the deterioration of cartilage cause?

Stiffness and reduced range of motion (ROM)

What does ligaments becoming lax lead to?

Weakness and joint pain that typically resolves with rest

What are characteristics of bone pain?

It’s dull, deep, “boring” pain. Often interferes with sleep; not typically movement-related. It often reflects underlying conditions such as fractures, infections, or tumors.

What are characteristics of muscle pain?

Soreness, aching, “cramps”. Can be caused by muscle damage or electrolyte imbalances or overuse, often improving with rest. It is typically associated with movement and can occur during or after physical activity.

What are characteristics of fracture pain?

Sharp and piercing. Relieved by immobilization. Often associated with swelling, deformity, and limited movement; may also include tenderness surrounding the injury.

What are characteristics of joint pain?

Felt in or around the joint. Typically worsens with movement. It can be described as aching or stiffness, often accompanied by swelling or tenderness. Commonly related to conditions such as arthritis, injuries, or infections.

What type of pain is worst in the morning?

Inflammatory pain (rheumatic)

Which pain worsens as the day progresses?

Osteoarthritis pain

What is a critical nursing priority after trauma or surgery?

To asses Circulation, Motion, Sensation (CMS). Particularly to detect compartment syndrome.

How do we asses circulation after trauma or surgery?

Check for capillary refill (< 3 seconds), skin temperature, and distal pulses.

How do we asses motion after trauma or surgery?

Assess for weakness or paralysis and range of motion in the affected area.

How do we asses sensation after trauma or surgery?

Monitor for paresthesia