Untitled Flashcards Set

Deinstitutionalization

The movement to release people with mental illnesses from hospitals into community-based care.

Psychotherapy

Talk-based treatment where a trained therapist helps someone understand and manage their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Biomedical Therapy

Treatment that uses medication or medical procedures to change brain function and treat psychological disorders.

Psychoanalysis

Freud’s therapy method that explores unconscious thoughts, often through free association and dream analysis.

Resistance

When a patient avoids talking about painful or troubling topics, possibly revealing hidden conflicts.

Interpretation

The therapist's explanation of the patient’s thoughts or behaviors to uncover deeper meanings.

Transference

When a patient transfers feelings about someone else (like a parent) onto the therapist.

Insight Therapies

Therapies that aim to increase a person's understanding of their thoughts and feelings.

Person-Centered Therapy

A humanistic therapy by Carl Rogers where the therapist offers support without judgment to help the client grow.

Active Listening

Listening carefully, restating, and clarifying what the client says to show understanding and empathy.

Unconditional Positive Regard

Accepting and valuing someone without judgment, no matter what they say or do.

Behavior Therapy

Uses learning principles to change unwanted behaviors without focusing on thoughts or emotions.

Counterconditioning

A technique that pairs a trigger for bad behavior with a new, relaxing response.

Exposure Therapies

Gradually expose people to what they fear to help them get over it.

Systematic Desensitization

Step-by-step exposure to a feared object or situation while staying calm.

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

Using computer simulations to safely expose people to their fears.

Aversive Conditioning

Pairs unwanted behavior with something unpleasant to reduce that behavior.

Token Economy

A reward system where people earn tokens for good behavior and exchange them for privileges or items.

Cognitive Therapy

Helps people change negative or irrational thoughts to improve their mood or behavior.

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

A therapy that challenges irrational beliefs to help people think more logically.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Combines thinking and behavior strategies to help people change how they feel and act.

Group Therapy

A therapy where people meet together with a therapist to share and support each other.

Family Therapy

Treats the family as a system, focusing on relationships and communication to improve overall family health.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to look for information that supports what we already believe.

Meta-Analysis

A study that combines results from many different studies to see overall trends.

Evidence-Based Practice

Using research, therapist expertise, and patient needs to choose the best treatment.

Therapeutic Alliance

The trusting relationship between a therapist and client that helps therapy succeed.

Psychopharmacology

The study of how drugs affect the brain and behavior.

Antipsychotic Drugs

Medications that reduce symptoms of disorders like schizophrenia (e.g., hallucinations).

Antianxiety Drugs

Drugs that help reduce fear and anxiety.

Antidepressant Drugs

Medications that improve mood, often by affecting neurotransmitters like serotonin.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A treatment where electric currents are passed through the brain to relieve severe depression.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A non-invasive treatment that uses magnetic fields to stimulate brain areas linked to depression.

Psychosurgery

Surgery on the brain to treat severe mental illness (rare today).

Lobotomy

A once-common psychosurgery that cut connections in the brain's frontal lobe, often causing severe side effects.

Hypnosis

A state of focused attention and increased suggestibility that can help some people with pain or anxiety.

Dissociation

A mental state where a person feels disconnected from their thoughts, identity, or surroundings.