EVS Grade 5 - Lesson -#1 - Healthy living

Damaged tissues are repaired by the nutrient ————————

Protein

The inability to adjust to dim light is ——————- and is due to the deficiency of ———————-.

Night Blindness & Vitamin A

__________ is carried to all the cells of our body by ____________.

Oxygen & Haemoglobin

Deficiency of iron will lead to ———————-.

Anemia

The component of food that helps to maintain body temperature is _______________.

Water

The sunshine vitamin –———————-

Vitamin D

The vitamin essential for healthy nervous system – ————————-

Vitamin B

Two protein rich foods –———————-

Milk, Pulses

The mineral required for healthy bones and teeth –————————

Calcium

Poor Vision

Night blindness

Bleeding gums

Scurvy

Vitamin E helps in

Healthy skin and hair

Vitamin K helps in

Helps blood to clot

Removal of solid wastes

Insoluble roughage

Removal of bad fats

Soluble roughage

Vitamin A rich food are

Carrots

Vitamin C rich food is generally called

Citrus Fruits

Vitamin A rich food

– Mango, Carrot

Vitamin B rich food

– Chickpeas, Whole grains

Vitamin C rich food

– Lemon, Oranges

Vitamin D rich food

– Milk, Butter

Iron rich food

Spinach, Dates

Calcium rich food

Milk, Guava

Iodine

Goitre:

VitaminC deficiency

Scurvy:

Iron deficiency

Anaemia

Vitamin D deficiency

Rickets

Vitamin A deficiency

Night blindness

Vittamin B deficiency

Beriberi.

We need to eat a lot of fruits and vegetables and less of grains and pulses T/F

True

Minerals can be obtained from both organic and inorganic sources T/F

True

Soluble roughage helps to remove solid wastes T/F

False

The energy provided by carbohydrates is twice that of energy provided by fats T/F

False

How can we stay fit

We can stay fit by:

• Eating a balanced diet that includes proteins, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and fats.

• Doing regular exercise and playing outdoor games.

• Practicing good hygiene, like brushing teeth twice daily and washing hands before eating.

• Ensuring adequate rest and relaxation for the mind and body.

Explain the importance of playing outdoor games.

Playing outdoor games:

• Improves physical fitness and strengthens muscles and bones.

• Helps in building team spirit, friendships, and empathy.

• Increases lung capacity and improves heart health.

• Makes us happy and energetic and reduces stress.

• Helps in the overall development of body and mind.

What are deficiency diseases?

Deficiency diseases are diseases caused by the lack of essential nutrients, such as vitamins or minerals, in the diet.
Examples:

• Lack of Vitamin A causes night blindness

• Lack of Vitamin C causes scurvy

• Lack of Iron causes anaemia

Why should we consume lots of fruits and vegetables?

We should consume lots of fruits and vegetables because:

• They are rich in vitamins, minerals, and fibre.

• They help in boosting immunity and keeping us healthy.

• They prevent deficiency diseases.

• They contain roughage, which helps in digestion and removal of waste.

Lata is diagnosed with anaemia: i ) What might be her symptoms? ii. What types of food would you recommend? Why?

i. What might be her symptoms?

• Fatigue

• Hair loss

• Pale skin and eyes

ii. What types of food would you recommend? Why?

• Spinach, dates, raisins, pomegranate, drumstick leaves

• These are rich in iron, which helps in the formation of haemoglobin in the blood.

6. What makes sprouted beans rich in nutrients?

Sprouted beans are rich in nutrients because:

• Sprouting increases the amount of vitamins and minerals present in the seeds.

• These nutrients help in the growth of the baby plant and are beneficial to our health as well.

8. Why should we drink at least 3–4 litres of water every day?

We should drink at least 3–4 litres of water daily because:

• It helps to maintain body temperature

• Aids in digestion and absorption of nutrients

• Removes wastes from the body

• Keeps all organs functioning properly

9. It is important to brush our teeth twice a day. Justify.

Brushing teeth twice a day is important because:

• It removes bacteria that multiply overnight.

• It cleans food particles stuck between teeth and prevents cavities.

• Helps in maintaining dental hygiene and prevents toothache or tooth loss.

10. Why are grains like rice and millets called energy-giving foods?

Grains like rice and millets are called energy-giving foods because:

• They are rich in carbohydrates, which provide the energy needed for daily activities.

• They help our body and brain function properly and give us strength.

11. What is ORS? How do you prepare it at home?

ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) is a solution given to people suffering from dehydration due to diarrhoea or vomiting.

To prepare ORS at home:

• Mix 6 teaspoons of sugar and ½ teaspoon of salt in 1 litre of boiled and cooled water.

This helps restore lost fluids and vital salts in the body.