Studied by 1 person
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Energy Transfer
The movement of energy from one location to another, often involving transformations between kinetic and potential energy.
First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
Law of Conservation of Mass
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions; it is conserved.
Endergonic Reaction
A reaction that requires energy input to proceed, resulting in products with higher energy than the reactants.
Exergonic Reaction
A reaction that releases energy, resulting in products with lower energy than the reactants.
Entropy
A measure of disorder or randomness in a system; often associated with the second law of thermodynamics.
Enzyme
A biological catalyst that speeds up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Substrate
The reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.
Active Site
The specific region of an enzyme where substrate binding occurs and catalysis takes place.
Catalysis
The acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst.
Metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism.
Cofactors
Non-protein molecules that assist enzymes in their function.
Coenzymes
Organic cofactors that help enzymes catalyze reactions.
Competitive Inhibitor
A substance that competes with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme.
Noncompetitive Inhibitor
A substance that inhibits enzyme activity by binding to a site other than the active site, altering enzyme function.
Feedback Inhibition
A regulatory mechanism in which a metabolic pathway is inhibited by its end product.
Cellular Respiration
The metabolic process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
The primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various biological processes.
NAD+/NADH
A coenzyme that plays a key role in oxidation-reduction reactions, carrying electrons during cellular respiration.
FAD/FADH2
A coenzyme involved in several important reactions in metabolism, carrying electrons as well.
Oxidation
The process of losing electrons or hydrogen atoms in a chemical reaction.
Reduction
The process of gaining electrons or hydrogen atoms in a chemical reaction.
Photophosphorylation
The process of converting light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Chromosome
A DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism; consists of genes.
Sister Chromatids
Identical copies of a duplicated chromosome, connected by a centromere.
Homologous Chromosomes
Chrom pairs, one from each parent, that are similar but not identical.
Centromere
The region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined.
Cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that provides structural support, shape, and aids in cell division.
Binary Fission
A method of asexual reproduction in which a single organism divides into two parts.
Note 
Flashcard (127)