Study Guide Test 4 (WaUSH)

Important people and events from unit 8 of the AP US History Curriculum.

Truman Doctrine

A key U.S. policy during the Cold War aimed at containing communism and supporting nations threatened by it, marking a shift towards a more active role in global affairs.

Korean War

Conflict between North and South Korea (1950-1953) with major U.S. involvement, ending in a stalemate and the division of the Korean Peninsula.

Douglas MacArthur

Prominent American general in WWII and the Korean War, known for successful military campaigns but relieved of command for insubordination.

Sputnik

First artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, initiating the space race and impacting Cold War dynamics.

Tet Offensive

Major military campaign during the Vietnam War in 1968 by North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces, influencing U.S. public opinion and policy.

Vietnamization

Policy by President Nixon to shift combat burden in the Vietnam War to South Vietnamese forces and reduce U.S. troop presence.

Marshall Plan

U.S. initiative post-WWII to aid Western European countries, fostering economic and political stability and countering communism.

Arms Race

Competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union to develop and stockpile nuclear weapons, heightening Cold War tensions.

Beat Movement

Cultural and literary movement in the 1950s rejecting mainstream values and promoting spontaneity and nonconformity.

Black Panthers

Revolutionary socialist organization advocating for black self-defense and social programs, impacting the civil rights movement.

Nation of Islam

Religious and political organization promoting black separatism and self-reliance, influencing the civil rights and black nationalist movements.

Civil Disobedience

Deliberate refusal to obey unjust laws as a form of nonviolent protest, key to movements like the civil rights struggle.

Baker v Carr

Landmark Supreme Court case (1962) establishing the "one person, one vote" principle in legislative districting.

Gideon v Wainwright

Landmark Supreme Court case (1963) ensuring the right to counsel for criminal defendants in state courts.

Miranda v Arizona

Landmark Supreme Court case (1966) requiring law enforcement to inform suspects of their rights, leading to the "Miranda rights."

Mapp v Ohio

Landmark Supreme Court case (1961) establishing the exclusionary rule against evidence obtained through illegal searches and seizures.

Agent Orange

Herbicide used by the U.S. military in the Vietnam War, containing dioxin and causing health issues for civilians and veterans.

AIM

American Indian Movement advocating for Native American rights and sovereignty, impacting civil rights movements for indigenous peoples.

Elvis Presley

Iconic figure in American popular music, known as the "King of Rock and Roll," revolutionizing the music industry and youth culture.

White Flight

Phenomenon of white residents moving from urban to suburban areas, contributing to racial segregation and economic disparities in American cities.