Cumulative AP Lang Vocab 2425 [up to list 7 as of 4/6/25]

Vex

(v) To irritate; annoy; provoke; to torment; trouble; distress; plague; worry

Chutzpah

(n) Unmitigated effrontery or impudence; gall. Audacity; nerve.

Indolent

(adj) Having or showing a disposition to avoid exertion; slothful

Venerate

(v) To regard or treat with reverence; revere; respect

Scrupulous

(adj) having or showing a strict regard for what one considers right; principled. Punctiliously or minutely careful, precise, or exact

Ameliorate

(v) Make or become better, more bearable, or more satisfactory; improve

Equanimity

(n) Mental or emotional stability or composure, especially under tension or strain; calmness; equilibrium.

Austere

(adj) Severe in manner or appearance; uncompromising; strict; forbidding; Rigorously self-disciplined and severely moral; ascetic; abstinent

Mercurial

(adj )Changeable; volatile; fickle; flighty; erratic; animated; lively; sprightly; quick-witted.

Consummate

(adj/v) To bring to a state of perfection; fulfill. To complete (an arrangement, agreement, or the like) by a pledge or the signing of a contract.

Invariably

(adv) unchangingly, constantly; without exception, in every case alike.

Languish

(v - int) To be or become weak or feeble; droop; fade. To lose vigor and vitality. To undergo neglect or experience prolonged inactivity; suffer hardship and distress:

Manifold

(n) Numerous and various, consisting of many kinds, containing many elements, features or characteristics.

Incredulous

(adj) Disinclined or indisposed to believe; skeptical. Indicating or showing unbelief

Despondent

(adj) Melancholy, gloomy.

Desolate

(adj) Barren or laid waste; devastated; deprived or destitute of inhabitants; deserted; uninhabited. Solitary; lonely

Surreptitious

(adj) Obtained, done, made, etc., by stealth; secret or unauthorized; clandestine

Sullen

(adj) Showing irritation or ill humor by a gloomy silence or reserve. persistently and silently ill-humored; morose.

Ingenuous

(adj) Free from reserve, restraint, or dissimulation; candid; sincere. Artless; innocent; naive.

Salient

(adj.) Conspicuous, noticeable, prominent; sticking or jutting out.

Assiduous

(adj) Constant; unremitting: assiduous reading. Constant in application or effort; working diligently at a task; persevering; industrious; attentive.

Détente

(n) A relaxing of tension, especially between nations, as by negotiations or agreements.

Galvanize

(v - trans) To stimulate; to startle into sudden activity; to spur

Untenable

(adj) Incapable of being defended, as an argument, thesis, etc.; indefensible. Not fit to be occupied, as an apartment, house, etc.

Vehement

(adj) Zealous; ardent; impassioned: a vehement defense; Characterized by rancor or anger; violent; Strongly emotional; intense or passionate: vehement desire. Marked by great energy or exertion; strenuous

Lambast

(v - trans) To beat or whip severely. To reprimand or berate harshly; censure; excoriate.

Redress

(n) The setting right of what is wrong; Relief from wrong or injury. Compensation or satisfaction for a wrong or injury. (v - trans) To set right; remedy or repair (wrongs, injuries, etc.). To correct or reform (abuses, evils, etc.). To remedy or relieve (suffering, want, etc.). To adjust evenly again, as a balance.

Sardonic

(adj) Characterized by bitter or scornful derision; mocking; cynical.

Admonish

(v - trans) To caution, advise, or counsel against something. To reprove or scold, especially in a mild and good-willed manner. To urge to a duty; remind.

Abate

(v) To beat down, demolish, destroy. To put an end to, do away with (as a nuisance, or an action). To render null and void. To fall, be dejected or humbled. To fall in amount, value, or price, suffer reduction, be reduced.

Exigency

(n) A urgency, pressing need; a situation demanding immediate attention or action.

Desultory

(adj) Lacking in consistency, constancy, or visible order, disconnected; fitful

Ruminate

(v - trans) To meditate or muse; ponder. To chew again or over and over. To meditate on; ponder.

Ebullient

(adj) Overflowing with fervor, enthusiasm, or excitement; high-spirited. Bubbling up like a boiling liquid.

Destitute

(adj) Without means of subsistence; lacking food, clothing, and shelter.

Immutable

(adj)Unmovable, unchangeable.

Unsullied

(adj) Not soiled; untarnished. Virginal, pure.

Infallible

(adj) Absolutely trustworthy or sure

Derelict

(n)A person without a home, job, or property; (adj) in deplorable condition, forsaken by owner or inhabitants.

Mawkish

(adj) Effusively or insincerely emotional.

Altruistic

(adj) Showing unselfish concern for the welfare of others.

Inimical

(adj) Having the disposition or temper of an enemy; unfriendly, hostile.

Unsavory

(adj) Morally offensive; not pleasing in odor or taste.

Primordial

(adj) Having existed from the beginning; in an earliest or original stage or state.

Enthralled

(adj) Filled with wonder and delight.

Nexus

(n) a connected series or group

Fulminate

(v) cause to explode violently and with loud noise; criticize severely

Burgeon

(v - trans) To grow or develop quickly; flourish

Rapport

(n) a relationship of mutual understanding or trust and agreement between people

Ascetic

(adj) Of or pertaining to the exercise of extremely rigorous self-discipline; severely abstinent, austere.

Histrionic

(adj) overly dramatic or emotional

Recondite

(adj) difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge

Unkempt

(adj) not properly maintained or cared for

Circuitous

(adj) deviating from a straight course; marked by obliqueness or indirection in speech or conduct

Bravado

(n) a swaggering show of courage

Callow

(adj) Immature or inexperienced

Nonchalantly

(adv) casually; in a composed yet unconcerned manner

Paraphernalia

(n) gear; varied supplies; equipment consisting of miscellaneous articles needed for a particular operation or sport

Arcane

(adj) requiring secret or mysterious knowledge; recondite

Rancor

(n) Bitter resentment or ill will; hatred; malice.

Panache

(n) distinctive and stylish elegance

Incorrigible

(adj) disobedient; uncontrollable; unmanageable; recalcitrant; impervious or resistant to correction by punishment

Sanctimonious

(adj) excessively or hypocritically pious; self-righteous; appearing morally superior to others

Obliquely

(adv) indirectly; not in a forthright manner

Unequivocal

(adj) Not equivocal; unambiguous; clear; having only one possible meaning or interpretation: an unequivocal indication of assent; unequivocal proof.

Inveigle

(v - trans) To entice, lure, or ensnare by flattery or artful talk or inducements (usually followed by into)

Idiosyncratic

(adj) peculiar to an individual.

Miasma

(n) an unwholesome smell, environment, or atmosphere

Feckless

(adj) Ineffective; incompetent; futile

Disquietude

(n) uneasiness; feelings of anxiety that make you tense and irritable

Modicum

(n) a small or moderate or token amount; a pittance

Fecund

(adj) Producing or capable of producing offspring, fruit, vegetation, etc., in abundance; prolific; fruitful

Stymie

(v/n) to hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of something or someone; a threatening or distressing situation

Acute

(adj) Sharp or severe in effect; intense

Vacuous

(adj) Without contents; empty; Lacking in ideas or intelligence

Affectation

(n) An effort to appear to have a quality not really or fully possessed

Insolent

(adj) Proud, disdainful, haughty, arrogant, overbearing; offensively contemptuous of the rights or feelings of others.

Obstinate

(adj) Firmly adhering to an opinion or chosen course of action; inflexible, resolute, stubborn, self-willed

Nebulous

(adj) Cloudy; misty; foggy; dank; opaque.

Meretricious

(adj) Alluring by false show; showily or superficially attractive but having in reality no value or integrity.

Turgid

(adj) Swollen, distended, puffed out; in reference to language: inflated, grandiloquent, pompous, bombastic.

Menagerie

(n) A collection of wild or unusual animals, especially for exhibition.

Dilatory

(adj) Tending to cause delay; made for the purpose of gaining time or deferring decision or action.

Commensurate

(adj) Corresponding in amount, magnitude, or degree; proportionate; adequate.

Aesthetic

(adj) Of or pertaining to the appreciation or criticism of the beautiful; having or showing an appreciation of the beautiful or pleasing; (n) one's taste in fashion or arts

Recalcitrant

(adj) Resisting authority or control; not obedient or compliant; refractory. Hard to deal with, manage, or operate

Strident

(adj) Making or having a harsh sound; grating; creaking; Having an irritating quality or character

Proprietary

(adj) Belonging to a proprietor; privately owned and operated for profit

Refuse

(n) Something that is discarded as worthless or useless; rubbish; trash; garbage.

Boon

(n) Something to be thankful for; blessing; benefit.

Dissipate

(v) To disintegrate and reduce to atoms, dust, smoke, or impalpable form; to disperse, to dispel.

Contingent

(adj) Liable to happen or not; of uncertain occurrence or incidence; happening or coming by chance; not fixed by necessity or fate.

Begrudge

(v - trans) To envy or resent the pleasure or good fortune of someone; to be reluctant to give, grant, or allow.

Qualm

(n) An uneasy feeling or pang of conscience as to conduct; a sudden feeling of apprehensive uneasiness; a sudden sensation or onset of faintness or illness.

Skulk

(v - int) To lie or keep in hiding, as for some evil reason; to move in a stealthy manner.

Camp

(n) Something that provides sophisticated, knowing amusement; a person who adopts a teasing, theatrical manner.

Sinecure

(n) An office or position requiring little or no work, especially one yielding profitable returns.

Bauble

(n) A showy, usually cheap, ornament; trinket; gewgaw.

Indictment

(n) A formal accusation initiating a criminal case; any charge, accusation, serious criticism, or cause for blame.

Doggedly

(adv) In a persistent or tenacious manner.