Lab 9: The Skeletal System

lateral epicondyle of humerus

How many bones are there in the human body

206

axial skeleton

The portion of the skeleton that supports and protects the head, neck, and trunk

appendicular skeleton

Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton

long bones

bones that are longer than they are wide

compact bone

Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone

Diaphysis

shaft of a long bone

Epiphysis

End of a long bone

short bones

Roughly cuboidal in shape, include the ankle and wrist bones.

flat bones

These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs, breastbone, and skull.

irregular bones

Complicated shapes

Vertebrae and hip bones

sesamoid bones

round bones found near joints bound in a tendon (patella)

fontanels

fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones

coronal suture

Sphenoid fontanelle

frontal fontanel

Occipital fontanelle

mastoid fontanelle

sagital suture

how many bones in adult skull

22

frontal bone

parietal bones

temporal bone

sphenoid bone

nasal bone

lacrimal bone

ethmoid bone

Zygomatic bone

nasal conchae

maxiallary bone

mandible

styloid process

mastoid process

external auditory meatus

mandibular condyle

what is the only movable bone in the skull

mandible

what is the practical purpose of frontanels

provide flexibility

what structure passes through the foramen magnum

spinal cord

the occipital condyles rest upon

C1 - atlas

how many bones form the face

14

how many bones form the eye orbit

7

vomer

palitine

foramen magnum

occipital condyles

hyoid bone

U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles.

vertebral foramen

canal through which spinal cord passes

cervicle vertebrae

C1-C7

smallest and lightest

atlas - C1

axis - C2

thoracic vertebrae

T1-T12

heart shaped body, circular vertebral foramen, long spinous process

facets and demifacets

the structures on a thoracic vertebra called that articulate with ribs at costovertebral joints

lumbar vertebrae

L1-L5

biggest because most weight bearing

sacrum

bone formed from five vertebrae fused together near the base of the spinal column

coccyx

four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

Sternum

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

true ribs

first 7 pairs of ribs; attach directly to sternum

false ribs

ribs 8 - 10; attach indirectly to sternum (costal cartilage)

floating ribs

ribs 11-12 ; do not attach to sternum

which bone is U-shaped and located anteriorly in the upper neck

rib 1

which vertebrae do the ribs articulate with

thoracic vertebrae

what is kyphosis

Slouch back (shoulders roll forward)

what is scoliosis

lateral curvature of the spine

medial clavicle

lateral clavicle

superior border of scapula

coracoid process

acrominon process

glenoid cavity

spine of the scapula

medial border of the scapula

lateral border of scapula

head of humerus

lesser tubercle of humerus

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

capitulum of humerus

medial epicondyle of humerus

greater tubercle

olecranon fossa

head of radius

radial tuberosity of radius

styloid process of radius

olecranon process of ulna

trochlear notch of ulna

shaft of ulna

carpal bones

metacarpal bones

Phalanges of hand

os coxae

the hipbone; formed by the union of the ilium, ischium, and pubis

pubic symphysis

Illium

ischium

pubis

true pelvis

inferior to pelvic brim; defines birth canal

false pelvis

Superior to pelvic brim, houses inferior abdominal organs

male pelvis

-Tilted less forward

-Adapted for support of heavier male build and stronger muscles

-Cavity of true pelvis is narrow and deep

female pelvis

tilted forward, adapted to childbearing, broad, shallow, pubic angle lightweight

iliac crest

Acetabulum

oburator foramen