Ch11 Diseases and Symptoms

Tuberculosis

Cough, difficulty breathing, lung damage, Formation of tubercles in lungs, Potential organ damage if untreated

Leprosy (Hansen’s disease)

Skin lesions, nerve damage, loss of fingers/toes, facial disfigurement

Pneumonia

Respiratory difficulties, lung infection

UTIs

Painful urination, frequent urge to urinate, cloudy urine

Eye infections

Eye redness, discharge, pain, impaired vision

Endocarditis

Fever, fatigue, heart murmur, shortness of breath

Meningitis

Fever, headache, stiff neck, confusion

Whooping Cough

severe cough, mucous buildup, blocks airway

Legionnaire's Disease

fever abdominal pain diarrhea cough

Typhoid Fever

fever, abdominal pain, weakness, diarrhea

Bubonic Plague

Bubos (swollen lymph nodes), fever, cough, tissue necrosis

Pneumonic Plague

Fever, cough, lung damage, respiratory distress

Septicemic Plague

Hemorrhaging, tissue necrosis, septicemia

Syphilis

Sores, rash, organ damage, neurological symptoms (depends on stage)

Primary Stage Syphilis

Painless genital sores, highly infectious

Secondary Stage Syphilis

Body rash, mucous membrane lesions, flu-like symptoms

Tertiary Stage Syphilis

Neurological disorders - Pupil shape changes - Heart artery damage - Brain dysfunction - Facial lesions (dumas)

Relapsing fever

Recurring fever, chills, headache, nausea, joint pain

Lyme disease

Bull’s-eye rash, joint pain, fatigue, fever

Cholera

Profuse watery diarrhea, dehydration

Ulcers

Stomach pain, nausea, bloating

Chlamydia (STI), eye infections

Often asymptomatic; can include discharge, pain, blindness (eye cases)

Food poisoning

Vomiting, diarrhea, Nausea

Anthrax (Cutaneous)

Cutaneous sores, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal symptoms - Bump/raised area - Lesion with black center (black eschar) - Swelling - Fever - Headaches 5% fatal if untreated

Anthrax (Gastrointestinal)

Fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, Swollen neck (due to lymph node involvement) 60-65% fatal

Anthrax (Pulmonary)

Fever, sore throat, nausea, muscle aches, respiratory failure,Shortness of breath, Coughing up blood Over 95% fatal

Gas Gangrene

Tissue necrosis, gas in tissues, foul odor

Colitis

Severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever

Tetanus

Lockjaw, muscle stiffness, spasms, respiratory failure

Botulism

Flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, difficulty breathing

Listeriosis

Fever, muscle aches, meningitis, miscarriage (textbook-based)

Diptheria

Pseudomembrane in throat, breathing difficulty, organ failure, ulcers

Meningococcal Disease

high fever, stiff neck, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and confusion

Tuberculosis Prevention

BCG vaccine (outside US), early detection, complete treatment

Leprosy (Hansen’s disease) Prevention

Avoid skin contact in endemic areas, hygiene

Pneumonia Prevention

Infection control in hospitals, hygiene, clean water systems

UTIs Prevention

Proper hygiene, avoid catheter-associated infections

Eye infections Prevention

Proper contact lens hygiene, avoid contaminated water

Endocarditis Prevention

Sterile medical equipment, manage predisposing heart conditions

Meningitis Prevention

Avoid contaminated equipment, monitor immunocompromised patients

Whooping Cough Prevention

DTaP vaccine (pertussis component), Booster shots for adults to protect infants

Legionnaire's Disease Prevention

Proper maintenance and disinfection of water systems

Typhoid Fever Prevention

Vaccination, safe food and water practices, hand hygiene

Bubonic Plague Prevention

Avoid contact with rodents/fleas in endemic areas

Pneumonic Plague Prevention

Avoid contact with infected individuals, flea control

Septicemic Plague Prevention

Avoid flea bites and handling of infected animals

Syphilis Prevention

Safe sex, prenatal testing

Primary Stage Syphilis Prevention

Safe sex practices

Secondary Stage Syphilis Prevention

Safe sex practices

Tertiary Stage Syphilis Prevention

Early detection and treatment of primary stages

Relapsing fever Prevention

Avoid tick exposure

Lyme disease Prevention

Tick avoidance, protective clothing

Cholera Prevention

Clean water, sanitation, cholera vaccine

Ulcers (H. pylori) Prevention

Good hygiene, avoid contaminated food/water

Chlamydia (STI), eye infections Prevention

Safe sex, screening

Food poisoning Prevention

Proper food handling and storage

Anthrax (Cutaneous) Prevention

Vaccination (high-risk groups), avoid contaminated animal products

Anthrax (Gastrointestinal) Prevention

Avoid consumption of contaminated meat

Anthrax (Pulmonary) Prevention

Avoid inhalation of spores, vaccination

Gas Gangrene Prevention

Immediate wound care, sterilization, prophylactic antibiotics

Colitis Prevention

Judicious antibiotic use, infection control

Tetanus Prevention

DTaP/Tdap vaccine, proper wound care

Botulism Prevention

Proper food canning, no honey for infants

Listeriosis Prevention

Avoid unpasteurized dairy, proper food handling

Diptheria Prevention

DTaP vaccine, booster for adults/travelers

Meningococcal Disease Prevention

vaccination and antibiotic prophylaxis for close contacts