AP GOV 27 amendments

1st amendment

freedom of religion and expression

seperation of church and state; you can criticize the government

2nd amendment

bear arms

you can own a firearm for defense of yourself and the state

3rd amendment

quartering troops

you cannot be forced to house and feed soldiers

4th amendment

search and seizure

the government must have probable cause and a warrant to search you or your property for evidence of a crime

5th amendment

remain silent, double jeopardy

you cannot be forced to testify in court against yourself, you cannot be charged for the same crime twice

6th amendment

trial by jury in criminal cases

you must be found guilty beyond a reasonable doubt by 12 of your peers, not just one judge

7th amendment

trial by jury in civil cases

you must be found guilty beyond a reasonable doubt by 12 of your peers, not just one judge if you are being sued or suing someone

8th amendment

excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishment

punishments must fit the crime and cannot be inhumane

9th amendment

unlisted rights

these are not all of your rights

10th amendment

powers reserved to states

powers not listed in the Constitution belong to the states (marriage, education, criminal law, etc.)

11th amendment

can’t sue a state

states are protected from certain kinds of lawsuits

12th amendment

seperate ballots for president and vp

instead of the winner in the electoral college being president and the runner up being vp, these offices are elected separately

13th amendment

slavery

you cannot own people

14th amendment

citizenship, due process, equal protection

if you are bron here, you are a citizen. all citizens are guaranteed legal protections and equality under the law

15th amendment

black men vote

states cannot deny someone the right to vote based on race or ethnicity

16th amendment

income tax (first job)

the federal government can collect taxes for your income