Rogers & Frantz (1961): Social Identity Theory & Stereotypes (Racism in Rhodesia)

What principle of the sociocultural approach is demonstrated in the study?

Humans are social beings with a fundamental need to belong.

What is normative influence?

The impact of group norms on an individual's behavior and attitudes.

What factors are often ignored when forming stereotypes?

Economic, political, and historical factors.

What hypothesis did Rogers & Frantz test?

Attitudes of European settlers about Africans would become more conservative with increased time in Rhodesia.

How did the researchers define "conservatism"?

Wanting to maintain a system of racial segregation.

What was the sample size of the study?

500 White Europeans.

What was the range of residency length in Rhodesia for participants?

Fewer than 5 years to over 40 years.

What method was used to measure attitudes?

A Likert Scale survey.

How many response options did the survey provide?

Four.

What was the mean score of the survey results?

2.45.

What percentage of participants scored below a mean of 3.00?

70%.

What variables were not significantly correlated with racial attitudes?

Age, sex, district of residence, and income.

What variables showed significant correlations with racial attitudes?

Country of birth, occupation, length of schooling, religious affiliation, political party preference, and length of residence.

What was the level of significance for the correlation between residency length and conservatism?

p < 0.001.

What change was observed in residents living in Rhodesia for 5-9 years compared to newcomers?

They were 27% more conservative about maintaining segregated facilities.

What does the study suggest about new arrivals' attitudes over time?

They conform to the norms of the European population and adopt stereotypes.

Why is the study considered cross-sectional rather than longitudinal?

It did not track changes in individuals' attitudes over time.

What is a limitation of using surveys in this study?

Participants may express stronger opinions than they would in real-life situations.

What does the study reveal about the integration of stereotypes?

Stereotypes and attitudes about the African population become part of newcomers' social identities.

Why is it difficult to generalize the findings to other contexts?

The study is specific to Southern Rhodesia and may not apply to other cultural or societal contexts