male reproductive system

Testes

Produce sperm and testosterone.

Epididymis

Stores sperm as they mature.

Vas deferens

Carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.

Seminal vesicles

Produce fluid that becomes part of semen.

Prostate gland

Adds fluid to sperm; aids in ejaculation.

Bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands

Secrete pre-ejaculate fluid for lubrication.

Penis

Organ used for sexual intercourse and urination.

Scrotum

External sac that holds and protects the testes.

Orchi/o (orchid/o)

testis (testicle).

Epididym/o

epididymis.

Vas/ovas/o

vessel, duct (vas deferens).

Prostat/o

prostate gland.

Pen/o

penis.

Scrot/o

scrotum.

Spermat/o, sperm/o

sperm.

Test/o

testis.

Andr/o

male.

Balan/o

glans penis.

Vesicul/o

seminal vesicle(s).

Cyst/o

bladder, sac.

Crypt/o

hidden.

Lith/o

stone(s), calculus.

Olig/o

scanty, few.

A- / an-

without, absence of.

Oligo-

few, scanty.

Hyper-

above, excessive.

-ectomy

surgical removal.

-itis

inflammation.

-cele

hernia, swelling.

-pexy

surgical fixation.

-rrhaphy

surgical suturing.

-tomy

incision (cut into).

-algia

pain.

-lith

stone(s), calculus.

-plasty

surgical repair.

-plasia

condition of formation/growth.

-pathy

disease.

-rrhea

flow, discharge.

-stomy

creation of an artificial opening.

Orchitis

Inflammation of one or both testicles.

Prostatitis

Inflammation of the prostate gland.

Epididymitis

Inflammation of the epididymis.

BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)

Enlargement of the prostate, common in older men.

Cryptorchidism

Undescended testicles.

Hydrocele

Fluid-filled sac around the testicle.

Varicocele

Enlarged veins in the scrotum.

Testicular torsion

Twisting of the spermatic cord; can cut off blood supply.

Impotence (ED)

Inability to achieve or maintain an erection.

Infertility

Inability to produce viable sperm.

Prostatectomy

Surgical removal of the prostate.

Orchiectomy

Removal of one or both testicles.

Vasectomy

Cutting the vas deferens for sterilization.

Digital rectal exam (DRE)

Physical exam of the prostate.

PSA test

Measures prostate-specific antigen; screens for prostate cancer.

Semen analysis

Evaluates sperm count, motility, morphology.

Testicular ultrasound

Imaging of scrotal contents.

TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)

Procedure to relieve urinary obstruction from the prostate.

BPH

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

ED

Erectile Dysfunction.

PSA

Prostate-Specific Antigen.

STD/STI

Sexually Transmitted Disease/Infection.

DRE

Digital Rectal Exam.

Orchiectomy (example)

orchi- (testis) + -ectomy (removal) → removal of a testicle.

Prostatitis (example)

prostat- (prostate) + -itis (inflammation) → inflammation of the prostate.

Vasectomy (example)

vas- (duct) + -ectomy (removal) → surgical sterilization.