Module 1: Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Part 4.3 - Compounds - Oxides, Hydroxides, Acetates, Carbonates

Quick lime

a. Calcium oxide, CaO
b. Magnesium oxide, MgO
c. Zinc oxide, ZnO
d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

a. Calcium oxide, CaO

Burnt lime

a. Calcium oxide, CaO
b. Magnesium oxide, MgO
c. Zinc oxide, ZnO
d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

a. Calcium oxide, CaO

Also known as Apog or Calx:

a. Calcium oxide, CaO
b. Magnesium oxide, MgO
c. Zinc oxide, ZnO
d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

a. Calcium oxide, CaO

Which of the following is component of Bordeaux mixture?

a. Calcium oxide, CaO
b. Magnesium oxide, MgO
c. Zinc oxide, ZnO
d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

a. Calcium oxide, CaO

Also known as calcined magnesia which is used as antacid or laxative.

a. Calcium oxide, CaO
b. Magnesium oxide, MgO
c. Zinc oxide, ZnO
d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

b. Magnesium oxide, MgO

Also known as Zinc white or flowers of Zinc.

a. Zinc hydroxide
b. Zinc sulfate
c. Zinc oxide
d. Zinc phosphate

c. Zinc oxide

Lassar's paste which is used as astringent, mild antiseptic, and topical protectant.

a. Zinc hydroxide
b. Zinc sulfate
c. Zinc oxide
d. Zinc phosphate

c. Zinc oxide

Prepared calamine is an antipruritic which is combination of which of the following?

a. ZnO + Ferrous oxide
b. ZnOH + Ferrous oxide
c. ZnO + Ferric oxide
d. ZnOH + Ferric oxide

c. ZnO + Ferric oxide

Antiperspirant and can also be used for Athelete's foot but is now not used as it can cause granuloma formation.

a. Calcium oxide, CaO
b. Magnesium oxide, MgO
c. Zinc oxide, ZnO
d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

d. Zirconium oxide, ZrO

Also known as Litharge.

a. Lead (II) (mon)oxide, PbO
b. Aluminum oxide, Al2 O3
c. Mercuric oxide, HgO
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

a. Lead (II) (mon)oxide, PbO

Litharge is mainly used as

a. Laxative
b. Astringent
c. Antiperspirant
d. Expectorant

b. Astringent

Adsorbent which is also known as alumina.

a. Lead (II) (mon)oxide, PbO
b. Aluminum oxide, Al2O3
c. Aluminum hydroxide, AlOH3
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

b. Aluminum oxide, Al2O3

Yellow precipitate which is used as an ophthalmic anti-infective.

a. Mercuric ammonium chloride, HgNH2Cl
b. Mercuric chloride, HgCl2
c. Mercuric oxide, HgO
d. Mercuric iodide, HgI2

c. Mercuric oxide, HgO

Arsenicum album or white arsenic.

a. Lead (II) (mon)oxide, PbO
b. Aluminum oxide, Al2 O3
c. Mercuric oxide, HgO
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

Ampotheric substance:

a. Arsenous oxide
b. Arsenic trioxide
c. Aluminum oxide
d. a and b
e. All

e. All

Wood preservative used as insecticide.

a. Lead (II) (mon)oxide, PbO
b. Aluminum oxide, Al2 O3
c. Mercuric oxide, HgO
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

1° standard in titrimetric analysis.

a. Lead (II) (mon)oxide, PbO
b. Aluminum oxide, Al2 O3
c. Mercuric oxide, HgO
d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

d. Arsenous oxide or arsenic trioxide, As2O3

Trisenox is used when patient is not responsive to 1st line drugs for what condition?

a. Anemia
b. Leukemia
c. Skin disease
d. Gastric ulcer

b. Leukemia

True about N2O except:

a. Nitrous oxide or dinitrogen monoxide
b. Laughing gas
c. Used as inhalatory dental anesthetic
d. Has side effect of diffusion hypoxia
e. None

e. None

Laughing gas.

a. N2O
b. NO
c. NO2
d. NO3

a. N2O - Nitrous oxide or Dinitrogen monoxide

Weakest but safest inhalatory dental anesthetic.

a. N2O
b. NO
c. NO2
d. NO3

a. N2O

N2O as the weakest but safest inhalatory dental anesthetic has:

a. Low potency
b. High minimum alveolar complex (MAC)
c. Muscle relaxant effect
d. a and b
e. All

d. a and b

N2O as the weakest but safest inhalatory dental anesthetic has:

a) Low potency

b) High minimum alveolar complex (MAC)

*c) HAS NO muscle relaxant effect

Which of the following has side effect of diffusion hypoxia?

a. N2O
b. NO
c. NO2
d. NO3

a. N2O

Vasodilator and used as muscle relaxant.

a. N2O
b. NO
c. NO2
d. NO3

b. NO - Nitrogen oxide or Nitrogen monoxide

Smog or air pollutant.

a. N2O
b. NO
c. NO2
d. NO3

c. NO2 - Nitrogen dioxide

Used in measuring pollutant in air

a. Nitrometer
b. Polarimeter
c. Potentiometer
d. Carbometer

a. Nitrometer

Which is an oxidizing agent?

a. N2O
b. NO
c. NO2
d. NO3

d. NO3 - Nitrogen trioxide

Characteristics of CO:

a. Colorless
b. Odorless
c. Tasteless
d. a and b
e. All

a. All

Systemic poison which has 210-220x higher affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

a. CO - Carbon monoxide

Its poisoning may cause hypoxia, asphyxia, or death which lead to cherry red blood.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

a. CO

Treatment for CO poisoning.

a. Hyperbaric O2
b. Artificial air
c. CO2 - O2 mixture
d. a and b
e. All

e. All

Hyperbaric oxygen for treatment of CO poisoning should be:

a. 100%, pressurized at 2-3 atm
b. 95%, pressurized at 2-3 atm
c. 100%, pressurized at 3-5 atm
d. 95%, pressurized at 3-5 atm

a. 100%, pressurized at 2-3 atm

Carbonic acid gas.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

b. CO2 - Carbon dioxide

Most potent respiratory stimulant.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

b. CO2

DOC persistent hiccups or hyperventilation syndrome.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

b. CO2

True about dry ice:

a. Solid form of CO2
b. Refrigerant
c. Treatment for acne, warts, corns, eczema
d. a and b
e. All

e. All

Freon

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

c. CCl2F2 - Dichlorodifluoromethane or Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

Used as refrigerant and aerosol propellant which is implicated in ozone layer depletion (due to greenhouse gas).

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

c. CCl2F2

Solar ray protectant with high refractive index.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

d. TiO2 - Titanium dioxide

ZnO is also a solar ray protectant with high refractive index.

a. True
b. False

a. True

True about titanium dioxide being opacifying agent except:

a. Provides white background for easy visibility
b. Used in pilocarpine Ocusert system
c. Used in white capsule production
d. Has white pigment which has high coverage area
e. None

e. None

Opacifying agent used in pilocarpine Ocusert system and in white capsule production.

a. CO
b. CO2
c. CCl2F2
d. TiO2

d. TiO2

Silicon dioxide:

a. Silica
b. Inert solid
c. Glidant
d. a and b
e. All

e. All

Silica gel is obtained from _______ of orthosilicates.

a. Hydrolysis
b. Oxidation
c. Heating
d. Precipitation

a. Hydrolysis

Silica gel and Purified Siliceous Earth is from:

a. SiO2
b. SO2
c. UO2
d. H2O2

a. SiO2

Silica purified by calcining (application of heat).

a. Purified siliceous earth
b. Fullers earth
c. Diatomaceous earth
d. Kielseguhr
e. Celite
f. All

f. All - All are synonyms

Uses of Kielseguhr.

a. Adsorbent
b. Filtering aid
c. Clarifying agent
d. a and b
e. b and c
f. All

f. All

Celite is also known as:

a. Purified siliceous earth
b. Fullers earth
c. Diatomaceous earth
d. Kielseguhr
e. All

e. All

Acid anhydride of sulfurous acid which is used as fumigant, antioxidant, and preservative,

a. SiO2
b. SO2
c. UO2
d. H2O2

b. SO2 - Sulfur dioxide

Which can be used as a fumigant?

a. SiO2
b. SO2
c. UO2
d. H2O2

b. SO2

Also kwown as Uranite or Pitchblende.

a. UO3
b. UOH
c. UO2
d. UO

c. UO2 - Uranium dioxide

Oxygenated acid in water or Agua oxenada.

a. SiO2
b. SO2
c. UO2
d. H2O2

d. H2O2 - Hydrogen peroxide or Hydrogen dioxide

An oxidant used for treatment of Vincent stomatitis or severe form of stomatitis, as mouthwash.

a. SiO2
b. SO2
c. UO2
d. H2O2

d. H2O2

Hydrogen peroxide topical solution (USP).

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2
b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2
c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution

Antiseptic (oxidizing germicide).

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2
b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2
c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2

Stabilizer for 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2.

a. 0.03% acetanilide, H3PO4
b. 0.05% acetanilide, H3PO4
c. 0.03% acetanilide, CaPO4
d. 0.05% acetanilide, CaPO4

a. 0.03% acetanilide, H3PO4

Used as hair bleach.

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2
b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2
c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2

Hydrogen peroxide concertation (USP) used as refrigerant and disinfectant.

a. 3% w/v = 10 volume solution H2O2
b. 6% w/v = 20 volume solution H2O2
c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

c. 9% w/v = 30 volume solution H2O2

Release of nascent oxygen provides its powerful oxidizing action which is antiseptic.

a. ZnO2
b. SnO
c. SnO2
d. (NH2)2CO • H2O2
e. a and b
f. b and c

a. ZnO2 - Zinc peroxide

Germicide against staphylococcal.

a. ZnO2
b. SnO
c. SnO2
d. (NH2)2CO • H2O2
e. a and b
f. b and c

f. b and c

Stannous peroxide (SnO)
Stannic oxide (SnO2 )

Stannic oxide

a. SbO
b. SnO
c. SnO2
d. SbO2

c. SnO2

Stannous peroxide

a. SbO
b. SnO
c. SnO2
d. SbO2

b. SnO

Urea peroxide topical solution that is most preferred for oral and ear infections.

a. ZnO2
b. SnO
c. SnO2
d. (NH2)2CO • H2O2
e. a and b
f. b and c

d. (NH2)2CO • H2O2 - Carbamide

Sodium hydroxide is also known as the following except:

a. Caustic soda
b. Soda
c. Lye
d. Sosa
e. None

e. None - all are other names of sodium hydroxide

Also known as lye or sosa.

a. NaOH
b. KOH
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

a. NaOH - Sodium hydroxide

Used in the manufacture of hard soap and has pharmaceutical necessity in glycerin suppositories preparation.

a. NaOH
b. KOH
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

a. NaOH

Also known as caustic potash or lye potash.

a. NaOH
b. KOH
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

b. KOH - Potassium hydroxide

Used in the manufacture of soft soap.

a. NaOH
b. KOH
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

b. KOH

NaOH is less soluble in water than KOH.

a. True
b. False

b. False - NaOH is MORE soluble in water than KOH.

Similarities of NaOH and KOH except:

a. Strong base
b. Very deliquescent
c. Readily attack glass
d. Alkalinizing agent
e. VS for Aqueous alkalimetry
f. None

f. None

Similarities of NaOH and KOH:

a) Strong base - caustic

b) Very deliquescent - readily absorb water and liquefies

c) Readily attack glass - etching

d) Alkalinizing agent - to form Na/K salts of various drugs

e) VS for Aqueous alkalimetry

Slaked lime or milk of lime.

a. CaSO4
b. CaO
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

c. Ca(OH)2 - Calcium Hydroxide

Uses of calcium hydroxide:

a. Antacid but has constipating side effect
b. Saponifying agent
c. Promotes milk curdling promoting digestibility of milk
d. a and b
e. All

e. All

Also known as calx sodica or soda lime.

a. CaSO4
b. CaO
c. Ca(OH)2
d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

d. Ca(OH)2 + Na/K hydroxide

Good CO2 absorber for anesthesia machines, O2 therapy, and metabolic tests.

a. Lye
b. Caustic potash
c. Slaked lime
d. Calx sodica

d. Calx sodica

Can prevent milk curdling promoting digestibility of milk.

a. Lye
b. Caustic potash
c. Slaked lime
d. Calx sodica

c. Slaked lime - or calcium hydroxide

Used for manufacture of soft soap.

a. Lye
b. Caustic potash
c. Slaked lime
d. Calx sodica

b. Caustic potash - Potassium hydroxide

Also known as milk of magnesia or magnesia magma which is used as antacid but has side effect of diarrhea.

a. Mg(OH)2
b. Al(OH)3
c. Ba(OH)2
d. Bi(OH)3

a. Mg(OH)2 - Magnesium hydroxide

Amphogel or Cremalin gel.

a. Mg(OH)2
b. Al(OH)3
c. Ba(OH)2
d. Bi(OH)3

b. Al(OH)3 - Aluminum hydroxide

Used as antacid with side effect of constipation.

a. Mg(OH)2
b. Al(OH)3
c. Ba(OH)2
d. Bi(OH)3

b. Al(OH)3

*Ala tae = Constipation

Can cause phosphate deficiency as it can interfere with PO4 absorption.

a. Mg(OH)2
b. Al(OH)3
c. Ba(OH)2
d. Bi(OH)3

b. Al(OH)3

Maalox

a. Mg(OH)2n+ Al(OH)3
b. Ba(OH)2n+ Al(OH)3
c. Mg(OH)2n+ Bi(OH)3
d. Ba(OH)2n+ Bi(OH)3

a. Mg(OH)2n+ Al(OH)3

Maalox:
Magnesium hydroxide + Aluminum hydroxide is combined to counteract side effect of each other.

Kremil S is Mg(OH)2 + Al(OH)3 with?

a. Simethicone
b. Sulfate
c. Cimetidine
d. Selenium

a. Simethicone

Used of simethicone.

a. Antifoaming agent
b. Anticonstipation
c. Antidiarrheal
d. Adsorbent

a. Antifoaming agent - iwas kabag

CO2 absorber like soda lime.

a. Mg(OH)2
b. Al(OH)3
c. Ba(OH)2
d. Bi(OH)3

c. Ba(OH)2 - Barium hydroxide

Internal protective for gastric ulcers and inhibits H. pylori growth.

a. Mg(OH)2
b. Al(OH)3
c. Ba(OH)2
d. Bi(OH)3

d. Bi(OH)3 - Bismuth hydroxide

Bismuth cream:

a. Milk of bismuth
b. Bi hydroxide + Bi subcarbonate/Bi nitrate
c. Suspension in water
d. a and b
e. b and c
f. All

f. All

Milk of bismuth is Bi hydroxide with?

a. Bi subcarbonate
b. Bi nitrate
c. Bi sulfate
d. a and b
e. All

d. a and b

Milk of bismuth = Bi hydroxide + Bi subcarbonate or Bi nitrate

Generally used as diuretic, alkalizer (systemic and urinary), and antacid.

a. Oxides
b. Hydroxides
c. Acetates
d. Carbonates
e. Bicarbonates

c. Acetates

Alkalinizing agent for Benedict's solution.

a. NaCH₃COO
b. KCH₃COO
c. NH₄CH₃CO₂
d. Al(CH₃COO)3
e. Pb(CH₃COO)2
f. C4H10O8Pb3

a. NaCH₃COO - Sodium acetate

Has pharmaceutical necessity in solution for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

a. NaCH₃COO
b. KCH₃COO
c. NH₄CH₃CO₂
d. Al(CH₃COO)3
e. Pb(CH₃COO)2
f. C4H10O8Pb3

a. NaCH₃COO

Alternative for sodium acetate.

a. NaCH₃COO
b. KCH₃COO
c. NH₄CH₃CO₂
d. Al(CH₃COO)3
e. Pb(CH₃COO)2
f. C4H10O8Pb3

b. KCH₃COO - Potassium acetate

Spirit of Minderesus.

a. Sodium acetate
b. Potassium acetate
c. Ammonium acetate
d. Aluminum acetate
e. Lead acetate
f. Lead subacetate solution

c. Ammonium acetate

A buffer component which is component of Bashams' mixture.

a. NaCH₃COO
b. KCH₃COO
c. NH₄CH₃CO₂
d. Al(CH₃COO)3
e. Pb(CH₃COO)2
f. C4H10O8Pb3

c. NH₄CH₃CO₂ - Ammonium acetate.

Bashams' mixture:

a. Ammonium acetate + Fe
b. Ammonium acetate + I
c. Aluminum acetate + Fe
d. Aluminum acetate + I

a. Ammonium acetate + Fe

Uses of Basham's micture:

a. Antifoaming and styptic
b. Astringent and CO2 absorber
c. Astringent and alkalinizing agent
d. Astringent and styptic

d. Astringent and styptic

Burrow's solution

a. Sodium acetate
b. Potassium acetate
c. Ammonium acetate
d. Aluminum acetate
e. Lead acetate
f. Lead subacetate solution

d. Aluminum acetate

Aluminum acetate can be synthesize from:

a. Aluminum sulfate + Potassium acetate
b. Aluminum sulfate + Sodium acetate
c. Aluminum sulfate + Lead acetate
d. Aluminum sulfate + Ammonium acetate

c. Aluminum sulfate + Lead acetate

Sugar of Lead which is used as astringent and antiseptic.

a. NaCH₃COO
b. KCH₃COO
c. NH₄CH₃CO₂
d. Al(CH₃COO)3
e. Pb(CH₃COO)2
f. C4H10O8Pb3

e. Pb(CH₃COO)2 - Lead acetate or plumbous acetate

Goulard's extract.

a. Sodium acetate
b. Potassium acetate
c. Ammonium acetate
d. Aluminum acetate
e. Lead acetate
f. Lead subacetate solution

f. Lead subacetate solution

Goulard's extract is a solution of:

a. Lead acetate + Lead oxide
b. Potasium acetate + Lead oxide
c. Lead acetate + Lead hydroxide
d. Sodium acetate + Lead hydroxide

a. Lead acetate + Lead oxide