Molecules, Membrane, and Movement

Molecule

2 atoms joined together that are the same element

Compound

Atoms are from two different elements

Covalent Bonds

The sharing of electrons between two atoms

Non-Polar Covalent Bonds

Equal sharing of electrons

Polar Covalent Bonds

Unequal sharing of electrons

Hydrogen Bonds

How water molecules bond with each other

Solution

Mixture of something that is dissolved in another substance

Solvent

Dissolving medium (water)

Solute

Something that is dissolved

Universal Solvent

Water

Non-Polar

Hydrophobic- Water fearing

Repelled when touching water

Polar

Hydrophilic- Water loving

Comes together to water

Surface Tension

A result of hydrogen bonds bonding water molecules together

Plasma Membrane

Phospholipid Bi-layer

• Polar Phosphate Head

• Non-polar fatty acid Tales

Selectively Permeable (Semi Permeable)

Permiability

The ability to let substances in or out

Heat and agitation can spped up rate of diffusion (T/F)

True

Osmosis

Movement of water

Hypertonic solution

Solute Concentration is greater outside cell

Water move out of the cell

Hypotonic solution

Solute Concentration is greater inside cell

Water move into the cell

Isotonic solution

Equal Solute concentration

Water does not move

Fluid Mosaic Model

The currently accepted model of the plasma membrane

Integral Protein

Embedded in the plasma membrane

Allow ions to move in or out of cell

Peripheral Protein

Located in outer or inner surface of plasma membrane

Many are recognition proteins

Passive Transport

Movement of things without using ATP/energy

Diffusion

Going from high concentration to low concentration without using energy

Active Transport

Using ATP/energy to move something