Fun Test - AP Gov

Declaration of Independence

unalienable rights, consent of the governed, grievances against the King of England

Articles of Confederation

weak national government & strong state governments

U.S. Constitution

federalism, checks and balances, separation of powers, limited government, popular sovereignty

Brutus 1

the Constitution would make the federal government too strong; the country is too diverse for one central government (constant clashing of opinions) - small government would better know the will of the people

Federalist 10

factions are natural, controllable, and essential to liberty; a large republic can control the negative effects of factions

Federalist 51

separation of powers, checks and balances, ambitions of men must be controlled

Federalist 70

single, strong executive is better than a committee; strong executive can react quickly and be held accountable

Federalist 78

lifetime terms of judges to remain politically insulated and develop expertise; judicial review

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

nonviolent, direct action to combat injustices; civil disobedience

Marbury v. Madison

judicial review

McCulloch v. Maryland

Necessary and Proper Clause; Supremacy Clause

Gideon v. Wainwright

Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment; 6th Amendment right to counsel

McDonald v. Chicago

Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment; 2nd Amendment

U.S. v. Lopez

Commerce Clause

Brown v. Board of Education

Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

Baker v. Carr

Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

Shaw v. Reno

Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

Engel v. Vitale

Establishment Clause, 1st Amendment

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Free Exercise Clause, 1st Amendment

Citizens United v. FEC

Free Speech Clause of the 1st Amendment

Schenck v. U.S

Free Speech Clause of the 1st Amendment

Tinker v. Des Moines

Free Speech Clause of the 1st Amendment

NY Times Co. v. U.S.

Free Press Clause of the 1st Amendment

1st Amendment

speech, religion, assembly, petition, press

2nd Amendment

right to bear arms

6th Amendment

right to a fair trial

8th Amendment

no cruel or unusual punishment

10th Amendment

reserves powers to the states

13th Amendment

abolished slavery

14th Amendment

equal protection of the laws

15th Amendment

right to vote regardless of race

17th Amendment

direct election of senators

19th Amendment

right to vote regardless of sex

22nd Amendment

term limits for Presidents

24th Amendment

eliminates the poll tax

26th Amendment

right to vote for citizens 18 and over

Necessary and Proper Clause

allows Congress to pass laws that are necessary for executing its enumerated powers (Article I)

Commerce Clause

Congress can regulate interstate commerce (Article I)

Full Faith and Credit Clause

states must recognize the laws and documents of other states (Article IV)

Supremacy Clause

the Constitution is the highest power in the country (Article VI)

Establishment Clause

Congress cannot establish a national religion

Free Exercise Clause

people can freely practice (or not practice) a religion

Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

states must guarantee rights, privileges, and protections to all citizens

Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment

no person can be denied their life, liberty, or property without fair legal procedures

Article I

Legislative Branch

Article II

Executive Branch

Article III

Judicial Branch

Article IV

Relations among states

Article V

Amending the Constitution

Civil Rights Act of 1964

ended segregation in public places; banned employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex

Social Security Amendments Act of 1965

Medicare = health insurance for the elderly

Medicaid = health insurance for those in poverty

(examples of mandatory spending)

Federal Elections Campaign Act of 1971/1974

regulates campaign spending and created the bipartisan FEC for campaign finance monitory

Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974

created the budget calendar, the CBO and budget committees in Congress; prevented the president from impounding funds

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities and guarantees equal access to facilities (unfunded mandate)

National Voter Registration Act of 1993

Motor Voter Act; individuals can register to vote when getting or updating a driver's license