Changing Places Case Studies General AO1 - AQA A-Level Geography

Define Place Meaning

Define Place Meaning

Relates to an individual or collective perception of place

Define Representation

How a place is seen or portrayed be society

Define Place Memory

Ability of a place to make the past come to life in the present. Often done by material artifacts, photographs, souvenirs, etc.

Define a ward

An administrative area in which a local government is based upon. Needed for voting purposes, usually between 1 and 3 councillors elected to represent each ward.

What does DINKY stand for?

Double Income No Kids Yet

In what year was the Eastleigh Railway constructed?
What year was this extended to London?

1838
Extended to London in 1839

What made Eastleigh's Cheese Market important in Hampshire?

It had it's own siding.

In what year did the wagon and carriage works open in Eastleigh?

1884

What aircraft made a maiden voyage from Southampton Airport near Eastleigh and in what year?

The Spitfire in 1936

Which company opened a cable factory in Eastleigh in 1921?

Pirelli

In what year did the wagon and carriage works close in Eastleigh?

1962

Where is Eastleigh located?

Wide floodplain of River Itchen
Relief reaches around 60m above sea level.
Eastleigh is directly between Winchester and Southampton (North of Southampton, South of Winchester)

How has Eastleigh's population changed over time?

1871 - Population of 515
1901 - Population becomes that of a small town at around 9000
2011 - Population of 130,000 split among three wards, North, South and Central.

What is the average GDP per capita in Eastleigh?

£26,800

Give three facts about the social characteristics and demography of Eastleigh

Any three from

- Employment Rate - 82%
- Residents with L4 Qualifications - 30.9% (Below Average)
- Unemployment in Eastleigh - 3.1% (Better than Average)
- Population is a major economic driver (0.9% increase per annum since 2005)
- Elderly population increasing by 2.8% per annum

Give two social characteristics of Eastleigh North Ward

Any two from

- 1.5% unemployed
- 75-80% owner occupied housing
- 18% people have no qualifications
- 8418 people (65% are independent)

Give two social characteristics of Eastleigh Central Ward

Any two from

- 2% unemployed
- 50% owner occupied housing
- 17% people have no qualifications
- 12030 people (63% are independent)

Give two social characteristics of Eastleigh South Ward

Any two from

- 3% unemployed
- 50% owner occupied housing
- 26% people have no qualifications
- 9838 people (55% are independent)

What economic characteristics have changed in Eastleigh over time?

Industry - Shift from secondary to tertiary industry (From manufacturing to the provision of goods and services)

Give two secondary sector jobs that opened in Eastleigh
What years did they open?

Any two from

- Wagon and Carriage Works (1884)
- Locomotive Works (1909)
- Pirelli Cable Factory (1921)

Give two secondary jobs that closed in Eastleigh
What years did they close?

Any two from

- Wagon and Carriage Works (1962)
- Pirelli Cable Factory (2002) - now a housing estate
- Mr Kipling Cake Factory (2004) - now a Lidl

Give two tertiary industries that came to Eastleigh
What years did they open?

Any two from

Ageas (2012)
Prysmian (2002) - take over Pirelli
B&Q (2011) - New Offices near ASDA
Swan Centre Shopping Complex (1989)

What is the majority of land use in Eastleigh?

- Mostly residential
- Some industrial land use concentrated in industrial estates in and around Eastleigh
- Commercial land use around the town centre, large office blocks further away and the M3 / M27 nearby
- Dairy farming, chicken farming and fishing

What is the main flow of people into Eastleigh?

Migrants - Mostly Eastern European.
3% of the population and 60% of migrant population

What is the biggest age group in Eastleigh?

19 - 44 years old.

Where do people usually commute to within Eastleigh?

Southampton and Winchester
In some cases, London.

Give an example of a flow of capital into Eastleigh.

Opening of new employment opportunities

- Places Leisure, Swan Centre, etc.

What has led to a flow of resources into Eastleigh?

Housebuilding - Construction materials brought in
Cable Manufacturing - Imports of copper wiring for internet transmission

Give two flows of ideas in Eastleigh

Any two from

- The Point Theatre - Cultural opportunities
- The Sorting Office - Art and cultural space using an old derelict space.
- Vue Cinema - Cinematic ideas from UK, EU and US producers.

What three buildings have Eastleigh Borough Council invested in?

- Ageas Bowl
- Places Leisure
- M&S Foodhall.

How much does the Ageas Bowl contribute to the local economy roughly?

£50 million

How has the central government acted as an external agent of change for Eastleigh?

Highways England - £19 million spent on Bridge repair schemes near J3 of the M27.

Which companies opened a HQ in Eastleigh

Ageas (2002)
Prysmian

How have international institutions acted as agents of change for Eastleigh?

The EU funding program "Recreate" turned the Sorting office into a business cluster for artists.

Give three quotes that can act as qualitative sources for Eastleigh

Any three from

- "Beastly Eastleigh" - Hampshire Life Magazine
- "A charming place to live" - M&S cooperate view
- "Not numbingly ugly but not attractive either" - Bill Bryson
- "We have had some local legends of our own" - Eastleigh Blogs

Or any other valid quote

What three key messages can be seen in MC Beastly's perspective of Eastleigh?

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i63ongKR6cE

Any three from

- Swan Centre - His Locale
- Representing as a place for teenagers and young professionals
- Strong sense of place and topophilia
- Localism - "Ain't no Portsmouth"
- Eastleigh has undergo globalisation

Who donated £500 to the Church of Resurrection in 1868?

Charlotte Yonge

Give two examples of lived experience in Eastleigh

Nora Gough
George Clements

How does Nora Gough describe Eastleigh?

- Most people worked at the railway
- Main method of transport was the railway (few cars)
- Health and Safety standards were much lower than today

How many Spanish children travelled to Eastleigh in 1937 according to Nora Gough?

4,000

What does the Railway Man in Eastleigh represent?

- Proud industrial city
- First major piece of art for Eastleigh
- Celebrating Eastleigh's heritage as a railway town

What has Eastleigh changed from and what is it described as now?

It has come from a community to a commuter town

Give an example of place conflict that has occurred in Eastleigh

Stoneham Park Housing

How many new homes does the government want to build in Eastleigh by 2036?

16,000

What type of land is the Stoneham Park Housing located on?

Greenfield

What is Torquay's Permanent Population?

66,000

What was the first major building in Torquay and when was it built?

Torre Abbey built in 1196

When did the Torre Railway Station open
How many years was this after Eastleigh's?

1848 - 10 years after Eastleigh's.

What year was Torquay granted Borough Status?

1872

What year were the Torquay Tramways opened?

1907

What was hosted in Torquay in 1948?

Olympic Games Water Sports

What happened following the Expansion of the EU in 2004 in Torquay?

Large numbers of Eastern European Workers settled. Up to 5000 by 2005.

What is the most significant sector of work for Torquay?

Tertiary - Tourism

What is Torquay's nickname, according to government bodies?

The English Riviera

Give three details about Torquay's physical geography

Any three from

- South West Coast of UK
- Forms Northern part of Torbay
- Sheltered from SW winds because it faces East
- Warmer Microclimate
- Sheltered Sandy Beaches
- Very Hilly (Height changes of over 100m)

Give three statistics on social characteristics and demography for Torquay

Any three from

- 66,000 people
- Average age: 43
- Ratio of Retired to Working Age is 1:2 (1:3 in the UK average)
- Mainly white British (90%), 7% are Eastern European, mainly in the Tormohun Ward

What are the names of three Torquay Wards?

Tormohun
Wellswood
Cockington and Chelston

(Credit any other valid ward)

Give three key facts about the Tormohun ward in Torquay

Any three from

- Average House Price: £133,000
- 30% Owner Occupied Housing
- Inland / Hilly
- 23% out of work benefits
- Average Age: 40
- Top 10% most deprived areas (1st Decile)

Give three key facts about the Cockington and Chelston Ward in Torquay

Any three from

- Average House Price: £345,000
- 75% Owner Occupied Housing
- 10% out of work benefits
- Average Age: 43
- Mostly areas from lowest 10% of deprivation (10th Decile)

Give three key facts about the Wellswood ward in Torquay

Any three from

- Average House Price: £330,000
- Highest house pricing range (~£2 million range)
- 50% Owner Occupied Housing
- 16% out of work benefits
- Average Age: 53
- Areas from highest and lowest 10% of deprivation

Roughly what % does the tourism industry employ in Torquay?

20%

Why is tourism a bad sector to work in Torquay?

Many jobs are low paid and are often seasonal (No tourism during the winter months)

How much LESS does a person in Torquay earn in a week compared to the UK average?

£100

Give three facts about land use in Torbay (Torquay)

Any three from

- Less Rural (8.65% buildings and 54.5% Green Space)
- Farming is a major land use in North Devon - Mostly Poultry and dairy cattle.
- Between 2011 and 2031, housing growth predictions are 17-23% (22% in Torbay)
- Fishing Industry concentrated in Brixham
- Tourist and Resident shops in Torquay separated.

How far are the following places from Torquay (On average)

1) Exeter
2) Plymouth
3) London

1) 30 minute commute
2) 50 minutes
3) 4-5 hours

How many births and deaths are there a day in Torquay? What does this mean for the population?

5 births and 4 deaths each day
Without inward migration, Torquay's population is shrinking

What is the highest net loss age group in Torquay?

15-19 year olds

What is the percentage of people leaving Torquay to work elsewhere?

24% - Promotes negative multiplier effect

How much did the development on Torwood street cost?

£32 million

What facilities are included in the Torwood Street £32 million development?

- 130 bed hotel
- Town centre regeneration
- High quality office space

What is the key flow of resources into Torquay?

Housebuilding Materials

What is the key flow of resources out of Torquay?

Clay - Clay pits are mined for building materials and exported elsewhere.

What is one of the highest priorities for Torbay's Council?

Town Centre Regeneration

Give two things that the Torquay Town Centre Regeneration will bring

Any two from

- Revitalising Urban and Natural spaces
- Investment in the physical fabric of Torquay
- Two hotels in Torquay becoming student flats for foreign students who will bring their culture.

How have the local government in Torquay acted as an external agent of change?

- Torbay Together Partnership
- Torbay Council Town Centre Regeneration Board
- Strategies to improve skills and support businesses, 2000 new jobs

How are the central government contributing to Torquay?

- Coastline around Torquay regarded as a Special Area of Conservation by national government

- Department for Transport spent 76 out of 110 million pounds to build new 3.5 mile South Devon Highway. Major boost to Torquay's tourism industry.

Which two TNCs have set up in Torquay?

Graphic Controls Manufacturing
Singapore Fragrance Group

How many jobs will be created by the Graphic Controls Manufacturing group in Torquay?

80-100

How many customers in how many countries are served by the Graphic Controls Manufacturing Group?

60,000 in 80 countries

How much has the Singapore Fragrance Group invested into Torquay?

£30 million - On projects such as the Palace Hotel, the Park Hotel and Lighthouse

How much money has Torquay received from EU Funding between 2014 and 2020?

£116 million

Give two ways that NGO's have acted as an external agent of change in Torquay

Any two from

- Torbay Reef Restoration Project
- Reef Ball Foundation (International NGO)
- 500,000 Reef Balls across 70 countries that restore biodiversity
- Reef Balls planned to be used in Torquay.

Give two known locales of Torquay

Any two from

- Agathe Christie
- Palm Trees
- Tourism

Give two qualitative sources that show lived experience in Torquay

Any two from

- Personal Blog - "I love Torquay for a MILLION different reasons"
- Trip Advisor Review - "the self styled queen of the English Riviera
- Torbados - "If I can claim it here I can claim it anywhere"

How has Agathe Christie acted as an external agent of change?

- Walk the Agathe Christie Mile (Cultural Heritage)
- Agathe Christie Festival