Organic Chemistry Functional Groups

CHEM 231 Functional Groups

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Alkane

Hydrocarbon

-ane

e.g. ethane

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Alkene

Hydrocarbon

-ene

e.g. ethene

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Alkyne

Hydrocarbon

-yne

e.g. ethyne

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Alcohol

Simple Oxygen Heteroatomic

-ol

e.g. ethanol

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Ether

Simple Oxygen Heteroatomic

____-oxy ____-ane

e.g. methoxy ethane

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Epoxide (a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom ring)

Simple Oxygen Heteroatomic

-ene oxide

e.g. ethene oxide

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Aldehyde

Carbonyl Compounds

-al

e.g. ethanal

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Ketone

Carbonyl Compounds

-one

e.g. propanone

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Carboxylic Acid

Carbonyl Compounds

-oic acid

e.g. ethanoic acid

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Acid Anhydride

Carbonyl Compounds

-oic anhydride

e.g. ethanoic anhydride

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Ester

Carbonyl Compounds

____-yl _____-oate

e.g. ethyl ethanoate

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Amide

Carbonyl Compounds

-amide

e.g. ethanamide

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Acyl Halide

Carbonyl Compounds

-oyl (halide)

e.g. ethanoyl chloride

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Amine

Nitrogen Based

-amine

e.g. ethanamine

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Nitrile

Nitrogen Based

-nitrile

e.g. ethanenitrile

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Imine

Nitrogen Based

-imine

e.g. ethanimine

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Isocyanate

Nitrogen Based

-yl isocyanate

e.g. ethyl isocyanate

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Azo Compound

Nitrogen Based

azo-

e.g. azoethane

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Thiol

Sulfur Based

-thiol

e.g. methanethiol

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Arene

Aromatic

-yl benzene

e.g. ethyl benzene

What is this? Type? Naming tag? Example?

Haloalkane

Halogen Heteroatomic
(halo)-

e.g. chloroethane