GOVERNANCE AND GOVERNMENT

Governance

Broader than government; involves interaction among public, private, and civil society sectors.

Public Sector

The government as the main actor in governance, providing an enabling environment.

Civil Society

Organizations outside the government that contribute to governance, e.g., NGOs.

Decision-Making

The process of reaching a conclusion or agreement from various options.

Implementation

The act of putting a decision or plan into effect.

Actors

Individuals or groups that participate in decision-making and implementation processes.

Structures

Organizations or mechanisms that guide decision-making processes.

Good Governance

Governance characterized by participation, rule of law, transparency, and accountability.

Rule of Law

The principle that no one is above the law and all are accountable under it.

Effectiveness

The ability of governance systems to meet societal needs.

Efficiency

The optimal use of resources to achieve desired outcomes in governance.

Transparency

Open access to information regarding governance processes.

Responsiveness

The ability of governance structures to address citizens' needs in a timely manner.

Equity

Fair treatment and consideration of all members of society, especially the vulnerable.

Inclusiveness

Involving all stakeholders in decision-making, particularly marginalized groups.

Consensus-Oriented

Decision-making that considers the perspectives of all involved actors.

Accountability

Responsibility for one's actions, especially in public governance.

Decentralization

Distribution of governance power from central authorities to local or regional levels.

Participatory Governance

A governance model emphasizing active citizen involvement in decision processes.

Corruption

Dishonest or unethical conduct by those in power, undermining governance integrity.

Good Governance Indicators

Eight traits defining good governance: participatory, rule of law, effective, transparent, responsive, equitable, consensus-oriented, and accountable.