The Early Middle Ages

5.0(2)
studied byStudied by 13 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/31

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

32 Terms

1
New cards
The Effects of the Fall of Rome on Europe
**The Germanic Invaders who invaded Western Europe disrupted the trade, due to merchants facing invasions and their businesses then collapsing. This also caused the downfall of cities, and population shifts due to the Western Europe population becoming mostly rural. Then, the decline of learning happened because the Germanic Invaders could not read or write. The level of learning sank and knowledge of Greek and Roman culture was close to lost.**
2
New cards
The Franks
 **Strongest Germanic tribe in Europe, controlling Gaul and central Europe. It was a Christian Kingdom that converted many to Christianity.** 
3
New cards
The Battle of Tours
**This is where the Christians, led my Charles Martel prevented Muslim advances into Western Europe**
4
New cards
Charlemagne
**King of the Frankish Empire. He was a devout Christian and emphasized conversion of Europeans. He had Missi Dominici, who were government officials sent to preserve order in his empire. He wanted to make his court the second Rome and celebrated learning and education majorly, but when he died, it created a power struggle.** 
5
New cards
Holy Roman Empire
**This was from 800-816. It was a collection of loosely joined Christian Kingdoms in western central Europe. It was the Pope’s attempt to reestablish the glory of Rome, which had been lost and to make his relationship with Europe’s strongest monarch stronger.**
6
New cards
Missi Dominici
**Charlemagne’s government officials that were sent out to preserve order in his empire**
7
New cards
Second Rome
**Charlemagne wanted to make his court the “Second Rome” celebrating learning and education**
8
New cards
Curriculum
**Charlemagne made a learning curriculum and surrounded himself with German, Italian, English and Spanish scholars**
9
New cards
Treaty of Verdun
**This is the descendants of Charlemagne that signed this to break the Frankish Empire into three**
10
New cards
Feudalism
**A political, economic, and social system where land (fiefs) was exchanged for goods, loyalty, and other services as protection**
11
New cards
Lords/Nobles
 **Lords owned big estates with peasants. They would also provide the king with soldiers or taxes. They ran the local manors. Nobles were like middle men between the peasants and the royal family. They provided work, land, and protection to the peasants**
12
New cards
Vassal
**The lower lords, a lord can also be a vassal at the same time. They receive fiefs (land) from the lords above them**
13
New cards
Fief
**Land that was exchanged for goods, loyalty and more**
14
New cards
Feudal Contract
 **It is where you bind yourself to the land for your whole life, and it can be done by serfs, knights and more. If the land is sold then you go with it if signed contract**
15
New cards
Knights
**Recognized as a prestigious warrior class. Followed by chivalry. Commanded by warlords and rewarded with land. Had to be brave, knights usually were paid for their service. They were important soldiers who rode on horseback, and had to leave to start knight training at age 7. Their dubbing by another knight to become a real knight occurred at ages 18-21.**
16
New cards
Tournaments
**Different ways knights can practice, train and keep their skills sharp**
17
New cards
Chivalry
**Modeled through Christian virtues and values; vowing to protect the weka and the poor, show bravery and protect the church at all costs, ensured respect between fellow knights**
18
New cards
Manors/Manorialism
**Huge estate owned by the lords,** **they could farm the land that was given to them. They inherited the status of their parents, and landowners could sell serfs for their labor, not for their ownership**
19
New cards
Self-sufficiency
**Relying on oneself**
20
New cards
Sacraments
**Baptism, confirmation and more. These are signs of grace by Christ for Christianity.**
21
New cards
Priest
**Head of a church**
22
New cards
Tithe
**A tax that priests would tax the people for 1/10 of their income. This helped to support the priest’s and other church officials. This taxing of the people had origins in the bible**
23
New cards
Monk
**A group of people who lived on the outside of towns to prevent distraction so they can keep praying. They prayed multiple times a day and made their own things. They lived in monasteries**
24
New cards
Monastery
**They were a prime place for raiders because of the books and valuables. They were communities where monks lived in rural lands**
25
New cards
Convent
**Where nuns lived**
26
New cards
Secular
**Non religious. This means not a religious figure. A non-secular figure may be spiritual**
27
New cards
Papal (Pope) Supremacy
**Special way of saying the pope had power over secular(non-religious) rulers in Europe. This can be kings, emperors, more**
28
New cards
Canon law
**laws that christians had to follow**
29
New cards
Excommunication
**Pushed away by church, no longer allowed to receive sacraments (communion, baptism) or christian burial and cannot get to heaven**
30
New cards
Interdict
**If you place an interdict on a town or place, then all the people living or who are there are banished from the church**
31
New cards
Peace of God
**This was used by the Church to end feudal warfare. These were periods of peace or ceasefire. It demanded that fighting stop between Friday and Sunday each week and on religious holidays, and this was also a possible reason for the ending of feudal warfare in the 1100s.** 
32
New cards
Benedictine Rule
**Made by a monk named Benedict. It was to regulate monastic life. The three vows were taken by nuns and monks under this rule. Each day was divided into periods for worship, work, and study. Benedict believed in the spiritual value of manual labor, so he required monks to work in the fields or at other physical tasks. As part of their labor, monks and nuns cleared and drained land and experimented with crops**