Honors Chemistry Polarity and Shapes Quiz

bond polarity with atoms of the same type

nonpolar bond

nonpolar bond explanation

molecules share electrons

bond polarity of different atoms

polar bond

polar bond explanation

molecules will not share the electrons equally

the greater the electronegative diffference,

the more polar the bond is

Molecule Polarity

• with multiple atoms pulling in different direction, we sometimes get forces that cancel or new forces that are created

• this means that molecule polarity needs to account for the symmetry of these forces(or lack of symmetry)

Symmetrical shapes mean

nonpolar molecules

Asymmetrical shapes means

polar molecules

Symmetrical Rules

1. same atoms attached to the central atom

   AND

2. no lone pairs of electrons on the central atom

Asymmetrical Rules

1. different atoms attached to the central atom

   OR

2. lone pairs of electrons on the central atom

Polarity

nonpolar molecules vs polar molecules

Linear Shape

2 atoms attached to the central atom

No lone pairs of electrons attached to the central atom

Bent Shape

2 of atoms attached to the central atom

2 or 4 lone pairs of electrons on the central atom

Trigonal Planar

3 atoms attached to the central atom

No lone pairs of electrons on the central atom

Trigonal Pyramidal Shape

3 atoms attached to the central atom

1 lone pair of electrons on the central atom

Tetrahedral Shape

4 atoms attached to the central atom

No lone pairs of electrons on the central atom