Test #1 Corrections

Inductive and deductive explanatory approaches both feature all of the following except

Constructing a hypotheses

A researcher collects statistics on the demographics and voter turnout rates for voting districts across the US during the 2022 midterm elections. She finds that voting districts with higher rates of marriage show the highest rates of voter turnout. Arguing based on this finding that getting married leads people to become more conscientious about voting would be an example of

The ecological fallacy

Three students score perfect 1600s on the SATs at River High School. The three highest SAT scores at neighboring Forest High School were only between 1450-1500. Concluding from this information that the average SAT scores in Rivers High school are higher than average SAT scores in Forest High School would be an example of

Inaccurate observation

Antecedent variables must meet which of the following requirements ?

They must be able to affect both the IV and DV

In science, when evidence stops supporting a theory

science seeks new theories

During class discussion, came up involuntary hiring and firing, job discrimination, and strategic job switching for greater job turnover among black and Latino workers. The conclusion that greater job turnover among black and Latino indicates a lack of work ethic is an example of this type of everyday error of reasoning

non sequitur reasoning

Which of the following data sources would require the use of an empirical indicator involving observations?

surveys

True or false: specifying your variables level of measurement is unnecessary for inductive research

False

What level of measurement would be used for the question: “Exactly how many books did you finish reading last month?”

ratio

In Roscigno & Preito-Hodge’s study, “Racist cop, veted blue….” which accurately describes the data source for the studys empirical indicators?

A trend survey

In Roscigno & Preito-Hodge’s study, “Racist cop, veted blue….” level of measurement for independent variable’s level outcome option?

nominal

A researcher has developed a new questionnaire to measure people’s social media app usage. They plan to compare the data they collect using the questionnaire with data also collected by app tracking installed on laptops and phones. How are they assessing the validity of their new questionaires?

criterion validity

Which research standard helps to address the everyday errors of overgeneralization and selective observation of evidence?

sample generalizability

In your research study, you want to find out what exactly happens during those meetings that help students graduate. What aspect of causality is this addressing?

Mechanism

By failing to control the time of day, your study fails to meet this criteria for causality

non-spuriousness

Interestingly, the study finds that the effect of driving experience on speeding ticket risk appears much bigger for women than men. What kind of variable is this gender in this study?

a moderator/interaction term

A new questionnaire to predict how people will vote consistently predicts that voters who actually always vote Republican will vote Democrat, and that voters who actually always vote democrat vote republican. What combo is this?

low validity, high reliability

Survey design collecting same information 2 or more times from same sample

panel data

Reason to prefer longitudinal over cross sectional surveys

longitudinal surveys can establish temporal order