Social Learning Theory

Bandura's Social Learning Theory

This theory is based on a belief that learning happens through observing, imitating and modelling the behaviours of others. Positive or negative reinforcement from adults or peers can encourage or discourage behaviour.

principles of social learning theory (ARRM)

Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation (through + or - reinforcement)

positive reinforcement

the behaviour is repeated because of personal satisfaction (intrinsic reinforcement) or rewards (extrinsic reinforcement)

negative reinforcement

the behaviour is not repeated to avoid an adverse experience such as lack of satisfaction or being told off

Criticisms of Bandura

Bobo doll experiment was not carried out in a realistic situation and it was a small sample
Research has shown that children inherit personality traits and not all violence is modelled
Some critics say that watching violence / poor behaviour is cathartic and helps to discourage poor behaviour.