UREC Lifeguard First Aid/CPR/AED Training

Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac Arrest

Ineffective/Complete stoppage of the heart muscle,

Heart Attack

Arteries/Veins are blocked

Chest pain and discomfort

Shortness of breath and jaw pain

Is Cardiac Arrest and Heart Attack the same thing?

No

but Heart attack can lead to cardiac arrest

What are the two parts of CPR

Compressions and breaths

Should an AED be used by only professionals

NO

Symptoms of Heart Attack

arm pain

jaw pain

What does AED stand for

Automated External Defibrillator

Steps of CPR

Check the scene

Radio Protocol

Apply PPE

Check for responsiveness

Check for Breathing

Call EMS

Start Compressions

Compressions

Deep and fast

Chest must bounce back up

100 - 120 per minute

30 compressions

Where do the AED pads neeed to be located

Upper right

Lower Left

AED pad needs to be on the skin

When do you use an AED

Once it arrives

turn on and follow instructions

Instantly go back to compressions

What if person is wet

Try to dry off AED areas in order for it to stick properly to skin

Medical Patch or Pacemaker

Invert Pad Placement

Or remove patch with gloves

When do you use child AED

for children under the age of 8

Placement of AED on children under 8

One front one back

Bras & Shirts

Chest needs to be exposed - remove any and all clothing in the way

Reasons to stop CPR

EMS arrives

scene is not safe

Someone with higher credentials takes over care

AED arrives

physically unable to continue

Obvious sign of life

What to do after someone agrees to being helped when it comes to choking

Back Blows - Seatbelt arm across the chest and deliver blows between the shoulder blades (5)

Abdomal thust- hands move in J motion slightly above navel and under sterum

Choking in pregnant or large individuals

Back Blows & Chest thrusts

Passes out after choking

follow CPR steps

after compressions CHECK throat for item

ONLY grab item if it is visible to the eye

then 2 breaths and repeat.

30 - CHECK - 2

What does SAMPLE stand for?

• S: Signs and Symptoms

• A: Allergies

• M: Medications

• P: Past pertinent medical history

• L: Last Oral Intake

• E: Events leading up to the incident

What does FAST stand for?

• F: Face drooping - one side of the face may droop or feel numb.

• A: Arm weakness - one arm may be weak or numb; ask the person to raise both arms.

• S: Speech difficulty - speech may be slurred or strange; ask the person to repeat a simple phrase.

• T: Time to call emergency services - if any symptoms are present, seek help immediately.

What does RICE stand for with musculoskeletal injuries in the American Red Cross?

RICE stands for:

• Rest

• Immobilize

• Cold

• Elevate

What are the signs and symptoms of a diabetic emergency?

1. Flushed/Pale Skin

2. Sweaty/Clammy

3. Numbness/Weakness

4. Fatigue

5. Blurred Vision/Cognitive Change

6. Confusion & Disorientation

7. Rapid Breathing

How do you care for a diabetic emergency?

Provide 15-20g of sugar and watch for symptom change. If no change, call EMS

What are the signs and symptoms of a concussion?

• Physical Symptoms:

  • Headache

  • Nausea or vomiting

  • Dizziness or balance problems

  • Sensitivity to light or noise

  • Fatigue

• Cognitive Symptoms:

  • Confusion or feeling "foggy"

  • Difficulty concentrating

  • Memory problems

• Emotional Symptoms:

  • Irritability

  • Sadness

  • Increased anxiety

• Sleep Disturbances:

  • Trouble falling asleep

  • Sleeping more or less than usual

What are the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis?

1. Skin Reactions: Hives, itching, or flushed skin.

2. Swelling: Swelling of the face, lips, throat, or tongue.

3. Respiratory Issues: Difficulty breathing, wheezing, or tightness in the chest.

4. Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

5. Rapid Heartbeat: Increased heart rate or palpitations.

6. Dizziness or Fainting: Feeling lightheaded or losing consciousness.

Action: Call emergency services immediately and use an epinephrine auto-injector if available.

Signs and symptoms of the “Heat” emergencies from least to most severe

1. Heat Cramps

   • Muscle spasms

   • Sweating

   • Thirst

2. Heat Exhaustion

   • Heavy sweating

   • Weakness or fatigue

   • Dizziness or fainting

   • Nausea or vomiting

   • Cool, pale skin

3. Heat Stroke

   • High body temperature (104°F/40°C or higher)

   • Altered mental state (confusion, agitation)

   • Hot, dry skin (no sweating)

   • Rapid pulse

   • Loss of consciousness

Signs and symptoms of hypothermia

Signs and Symptoms of Hypothermia

• Shivering that progresses to no shivering

• Slurred speech

• Slow, shallow breathing

• Weak pulse

• Confusion or memory loss

• Drowsiness or exhaustion

• Cold, pale skin

Care for a nosebleed

Nosebleed Care

1. Stay Calm: Anxiety can increase blood pressure and worsen bleeding.

2. Sit Up: Keep your head above your heart to reduce blood flow to the nose.

3. Lean Forward: This prevents blood from flowing down the throat.

4. Pinch the Nose: Use your thumb and index finger to pinch the soft part of the nose for 5-10 minutes.

5. Apply a Cold Compress: Place a cold pack on the nose or back of the neck to constrict blood vessels.

If bleeding persists for more than 20 minutes, seek medical attention.

UREC Post Emergency Steps

1. Incident Report

2. Notify Supervisor

3. Clean up the area to resume programming

During a Code Adam, you see the missing child accompanied by an adult who does not appear to be their parent or guardian. What do you do?

Distract and Delay without putting yourself or others in danger.

LG Radio Protocol

“Attention All UREC Staff, Attention All UREC Staff, this is [name] in [location] with a [situation]. Facman, I need you at [location] and Membership, I need you to call EMS.”

LG EAP Activation

1 Long Whistle Blast
Task Secondary to:

• Clear Pools

• Lock Locker rooms

• Grab Go Kit

AED Prompts

After Pads have been applied -
AED Says Analyzing, please stand clear
Responder CLEARS THE SCENE
AED Says “Shock Advised, Charging”
Responder CLEARS THE SCENE
AED says, “Shocking in 3…2…1.. Shock administered, resume CPR”
Responder resumes CPR