Resistance Training (L15)

A set of 50 flashcards focusing on vocabulary terms related to resistance training and exercise physiology.

Resistance Training (RT)

A form of strength training that uses resistance to induce muscular contraction.

Benefits of Resistance Training

Includes improved health, athletic performance, strength, power, muscle endurance, and injury reduction.

Hypertrophy

The increase in muscle size resulting from resistance training.

Musculoskeletal fitness

A key component of physical fitness related to the strength of muscles and bones.

Rate of Force Development

The ability to develop force rapidly during dynamic movements.

Type I Muscle Fibers

Slow twitch fibers, used for endurance and aerobic activities.

Type II Muscle Fibers

Fast twitch fibers, responsible for powerful bursts of activity.

Acetylcholine (ACh)

A neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction that stimulates muscle contraction.

Neuromuscular Junction

The site where a motor neuron and muscle fiber communicate.

Crossbridge Cycle

The process in which myosin heads attach to actin filaments for muscle contraction.

Eccentric contraction

A type of muscle contraction where the muscle lengthens while under tension.

Concentric contraction

A type of muscle contraction where the muscle shortens while generating force.

Muscle Endurance

The ability of a muscle to sustain repeated contractions against a submaximal load.

Muscle hypertrophy

The increase in muscle mass that occurs in response to resistance training.

Motor Unit

A single motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates.

Force Production

The capability of a muscle to generate an output force.

Skeletal Muscle

The muscle tissue that is attached to bones and helps in movement.

Titin

A protein that stabilizes myosin filaments in the sarcomere.

Myosin

Thick filament protein that interacts with actin during muscle contraction.

Actin

Thin filament protein that forms the contractile unit of muscle fibers.

Troponin

A complex of proteins bound to actin that regulates contraction.

Tropomyosin

A protein that blocks the myosin-binding sites on actin at rest.

Excitation-Contraction Coupling

The process of converting an electrical stimulus into a mechanical response in muscle.

Ca2+

Calcium ions that play a crucial role in muscle contraction.

Golgi Tendon Organ

A sensory receptor that monitors tension in the muscle-tendon unit.

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)

The organelle that stores and regulates calcium ions in muscle cells.

Muscle Fiber Types

The different types of muscle fibers categorized by their contraction speed and endurance.

Size Principle

The recruitment of muscle fibers that is based on the size of the motor neuron.

Force-Length Relationship

The relationship between muscle length and the force generated during contraction.

Muscle Damage

Structural damage that occurs during exercise, leading to muscle repair and hypertrophy.

Satellite Cells

Muscle stem cells that aid in muscle repair and growth following injury.

Insulin Sensitivity

The effectiveness of insulin in promoting glucose uptake in cells.

Isometric Contraction

A type of muscle contraction where the muscle length does not change.

Overload Principle

The concept that in order to gain strength, muscles must work harder than they are accustomed to.

Progressive Overload

Gradual increase of stress placed upon the body during resistance training.

Exercise Selection

The process of choosing exercises based on various factors like goals and experience.

Resistance Training Frequency

How often resistance training is performed per week.

Training Volume

The total amount of work performed in a training session (sets x reps).

Core Exercise

A multi-joint exercise that targets major muscle groups.

Assistance Exercise

A single-joint exercise that targets smaller muscle groups.

Structural Exercise

An exercise that loads the spine.

Power Exercise

A fast, explosive execution of a structural exercise.

Bilateral Training

Training that involves the use of both limbs simultaneously.

Unilateral Training

Training that involves the use of one limb at a time.

Open Kinetic Chain

exercises where the distal segment is free to move, like leg extensions.

Closed Kinetic Chain

Exercises where the distal segment is fixed, like squats.

Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy

An increase in muscle fiber size typically resulting from resistance training.

Chronic Adaptation

Long-term physiological changes in response to continued training.

Acute Response

Immediate physiological changes that occur during and after exercise.