POC LAB - Acidity and Basicity

Arrhenius Theory

limited in describing the acidity or basicity of a substance as it dissociates in aqueous solution

Arrhenius Acid

increase the concentration of hydrogen ions (protons) in an aqueous solution

Arrhenius Base

increase the concentration of hydroxide ions, OH–, in an aqueous solution

Bronsted-Lowry Theroy

the more easily an acid yields a proton, the stronger it is while the greater attraction of a base for proton, the stronger it becomes

Brønsted-Lowry acid

Proton Donator

Brønsted-Lowry base

Proton Acceptor

Conjugate Acid

is formed after the Brønsted-Lowry base accepts a proton

Conjugate Base

is formed after the Brønsted-Lowry base donates a proton

Ka (acidity constant)

exact strength of a given acid in water

Stronger acids

Acid that reacts with water fast

Weak Acids

Acids that reacts slowly with water

Lewis Electron Pair Theory

suggest that acids react with bases, sharing a pair of electrons, with no change in the oxidation numbers of any atoms

Lewis Acid

accept a pair of electrons

Lewis Base

donates electrons

pH

expresses the concentration of H+

negative logarithm of the H+ ion

pOH

expresses the concentration of OH-

negative logarithm of the OH– ion

pH level of 0-6

Acid pH Level range based on the pH scale

pH level of 7

Neutral pH Level based on the pH scale

pH level of 8-14

Basic pH Level range based on the pH scale

pH Paper

measures the pH of the solution by changing its color

Flavin

indicator used in pH papers derived from anthocyanin in red cabbages

pH meter

contains a probe that passes the electrical signals to the meter to determine pH

sensor electrode

probe that contains a pH 7 buffer solution

reference electrode

probe that contains saturated potassium chloride solution

acidic (weak)

pH level result of Acetic Acid

basic (weak)

pH level result of acetamide

acidic (weak)

pH level result of phenol

neutral

pH level result of glycine

neutral

pH level result of glucose

basic (weak)

pH level result of aniline

acidic to neutral

pH level result of acetone

acidic (weak)

pH level result of isopropyl alcohol