Chapter 10 Chemical Bonding

Flashcards for vocabulary review on chemical bonding based on lecture notes.

HIV-Protease

A protein synthesized by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Crucial to the virus’s ability to multiply and cause AIDS.

Protease Inhibitors

Molecules designed by pharmaceutical companies that disable HIV-protease by sticking to the molecule’s active site.

Bonding Theories

Explain how and why atoms attach together to form molecules. Explain why some combinations of atoms are stable and others are not.

Lewis Model

Emphasizes valence electrons to explain bonding.

Why Atoms Bond

Chemical bonds form because they lower the potential energy between the charged particles that compose atoms.

Ionic Bond

Electrons transferred between metal and nonmetal atoms.

Covalent Bond

Electrons shared between nonmetal atoms.

Metallic Bond

Electrons pooled between metal atoms.

Lattice Energy

The energy released when the solid crystal forms from separate ions in the gas state.

Born-Haber Cycle

A hypothetical series of reactions that represents the formation of an ionic compound from its constituent elements.

Formal Charge

A fictitious charge assigned to each atom in a Lewis structure that helps us to distinguish among competing Lewis structures.

Free-Radical

Species with an odd number of electrons, containing one unpaired electron, and being very reactive.

Bond Energy (Bond Enthalpy)

The amount of energy it takes to break one mole of a bond in the gas phase.

Bond Length

The distance between the nuclei of bonded atoms.

Metallic Bonding

Metal atoms releasing their valence electrons to be shared by all atoms/ions in the metal.