Ancient CIv - prehistoric and ancient middle east

Arifacts

phyiscal remains of people or objects made or used by people in the past

Prehistory

The period of time before people invented writing

Artifacts, Anthropology, and archaelology

Paleolithic

Old stone age- older portion of the stone age was the time of enviromental changes

Nomads

People who wander place to place folloing their food source/herds

Hunter Gatherers

Men and Women living together in an interdependent group a sence of equality

Neolithic

has advanced tools and lead to more food- New stone Age

Neolithic Revolution

The Transition to nomadic life to settled farming- middle east- started farming and settling

Cave Art

displays religious devotion and were followers of Animism the worshippping og nature and beief that animals sporsts are to be respected

* characteristics of civilzation

cities organized govermentnts complex religions job specialization social classes art and architecture public works writing

Importance of farming

more food more people lead to goverment

Cultral diffusion

the spread of ideas cutoms and technologies from one people to another

Fertile Crescent

Cresecnt are of fertile land lots of rich soil land along mediterranean sea

Mesopotamia

the land between the rivers

Ziggurats

a large stepped platform thought to have been topped by a temple dedicated to the citys chief god or goddess

Polytheism-

belief in many gods

Sumerians

conqured by the akkadians- achievements social hierachy cuneiform writing wheel calendar first to build ziggurats adancements in astology and mathematics

Patriarchy

A society in where men make the decisions

Cuneiform

Wedge shape- very first system of wrting ever- clay was malleable and easy to write with- mostly scribes males learned -

Behistun Rock

King darius worte on the rock about his stories- perian snd mespotamian- discovered by Sir Henry Rawlinson- used to decipher cuniform

Epic of Gilgamesh

Legendary king/hero looking for immortality - 12 tablets - first atifacts of literature

Code of hammurabi

282 laws- oldest legal system- everyone follows - civil and criminal law eye for an eye

pushiment mostly death - a sense of fairness since written down

power-men

hierachy

Babylonians

code of hammurabi leagal code babylon conqured by the akkiadians

Hittites

iron workking and military chaiots - assyrians conqured

Nebuchadezzar

ruler of the chaldeans - gave the hanging gradens of babylon to diplay his love was a ziggurat

Chaldeans

COnqured the assyirians located in babylon nebuchadnzzer was the ruler achevements- ishtar gate hanging of the gardens of babylon

Persians

strongest at fighting - in the battle of sparta the persians die due to a mountain pass but a traitor tells then a different way and persian come up behind soldiers

Darius

issued the the Behistun Rock and wanted everyonr to know his stories second leader of persia sent troops to athens because of a conflict and started the persian wars

Zoroastrianism

Zoroaster - Monotheistic - duallsm- religion is about the tug between good and evil

good god- ahura mazda

bad good- ahriman

avesta scared book

hevan and hell

monotheistic

scared book

freedom to choose