Transcription and RNA Processing Lecture Review
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A collection of vocabulary flashcards related to the process of transcription and RNA processing.
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10 Terms
Central Dogma
The theory that explains the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
Transcription
The process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template.
RNA polymerase
An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.
5' Cap
A modified nucleotide added to the 5' end of mRNA to protect it and facilitate translation.
Polyadenylation
The addition of a tail of adenine nucleotides to the 3' end of mRNA.
Exon
A segment of a gene that codes for a protein and is retained in the final mRNA.
Intron
A non-coding segment of a gene that is removed during RNA splicing.
Alternative splicing
A process by which multiple mRNA variants are produced from a single gene by including or excluding exons.
Promoter
A region of DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.
Terminator
A sequence of nucleotides that signals the end of transcription.
