Napoleon's Empire

When did Napoleon stage a coup, and seize power?

November 9th 1799

What did Napoleon replace the Five member directory with?

Three consuls

What did Napoleon begin to build through his new form of government? While pretending the referendums and institutions aheived during the french revolution were preserved

Under the mask of republican government Napoleon built a dictatorship

What was the source for inspiration for the terms and symbols used during Napoleons rule?

The Ancient Roman republic

What did Napoleon get elected for in 1802? Then in 1804?

First consul for life. Emperor

When did Napoleon crown himself emperor?

On December 2nd 1804

Since Napoleon was crowned emperor, what did this mean for the transmission of power?

Napoleon started a dynasty

In what sectors were Napoleons reforms?

• Economic

• Education

• Legislative

What were the economic systems that Napoleon put in place which made hil popular with the french people?

An effecient tax collection system, national bank, stabilized the currency, stopped inflation and the rise of prices

What was the educational system Napoleon created?

Lyceums, public schools

On the legislative front what did Napoleon establish?

He put together a collection of laws : the Napoleonic code/ code civil

What did the code civil/ Napoleonic code do?

It upheld general citizenship, prohibited privé ledge based on birth and instituted freedom of religion

What was a new precedent that the religious and civil equality, established in the code civil, set?

It covered Jews, which became precedence in Europe

What did France sign with the pope in 1801?

A concordat which defined the relationship between the state and the Church

What did the concordat signed with the pope establish?

It restored the position of the catholic church but it kept the church under control of the State. The clergy had to swear an oath of loyalty to the state. The government appointed bishops and paid the salary of all clergymen

At the beggining of his rule, what did Napoleon do about the countries that had united in a coalition against France?

He signed peace treaties with them

What is the peace treaty Napoleon signed with great Britain?

The treaty of Amiens

By 1805 what did some countries do in response to Napoleon strengthening his influence on other european countries?

Austria, Russia, Sweden, Prussia, and Britain formed the third coalition against France

What major battle happened on December 2nd 1805? What was the consequence?

Napoleon won the battle of Austerlitz against Austria, Prussia, and Russia. By doing so he became the ruler of continental Europe

What battle turned around the fact that Britain was under threat of invasion?

In the battle of Trafalgar, Admiral Horatio Nelson defeated teh larger joint french-spanish fleet, which gave Britain control of the seas

What was Napoleons image with the people he conquered, and then what did it become?

They saw him as a liberator, but when Napoleon imposed heavy taxes and conscription they began to see him as a tyrant

What was the reason Napoleon was so powerful?

The grand army and Napoleon's leadership that held the vast empire together and eliminated all his opponents. One of his greatest strengths was his ability to mobilise a great number of men in a short time

What were the mistakes that led to the downfall of Napoleons empire?

• The continental system

• The peninsular war

• The invasion of Russia

What was the continental system and what went wrong with it?

It was decress ordering a naval blockage of GB, N thought it would weaken GB by cutting of its trade from European markets. GB found it's own markets, and made it's own blockade; since it was in charge of the seas the blockade harmed F more than GB

What happened during the peninsular war?

The rebellion of the Spanish a ND Portuguese against the continental system in 1808. Napoleon was forced to send the army. For five years Napoleons army and it's prestige was damaged

what led to the invasion of Russia? What went wrong with the invasion of Russia?

Russia left the continental syttem ending it's alliance to France . Napoleon gathered an army of 500 000 men and invaded Russia in June 1812. The Russian army retreated and practiced the scorcher dearth policy. The trsar ignored Napoleons proposal for surrender or a peace treaty. He had to retreat. Most of his army died of strata ation, cold, or Russian attacks