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Carbohydrates
Organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, often serving as a major source of energy in the diet.
Monosaccharides
The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules, e.g., glucose, fructose.
Disaccharides
Carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides linked together, such as sucrose and lactose.
Secondary Active Transport
The process by which glucose and galactose enter intestinal epithelial cells, utilizing the sodium gradient.