Thermal Energy and Temperature Lecture

Flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on Thermal Energy and Temperature, including definitions and relationships between temperature, thermal energy, and changes of state.

What is the relationship between thermal energy and the motion of an object's particles?

Thermal energy is related to the motion of an object's particles and can be transferred and transformed.

What is heat in terms of thermal energy?

Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.

How is temperature related to thermal energy?

Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object.

What are the three states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, Gas.

What causes the total energy of particles in a gas?

The total energy of particles in a gas is due to potential energy from their internal bonds and interactions, as well as linear and rotational kinetic energies.

How does the average kinetic energy of gas particles relate to temperature?

The average kinetic energy of gas particles is related to the temperature; at a given temperature, the average kinetic energy remains the same.

What happens to a helium balloon in sunlight?

It expands because the gas inside warms up, increasing its kinetic energy and causing the gas particles to move faster.

What is thermal conduction?

The transfer of thermal energy from a hot object to a cold object when they are in contact.

What happens to the temperature of a hot object during thermal conduction?

The temperature of the hot object decreases.

What is absolute zero?

Absolute zero is the point where temperature cannot go lower than -273.15°C.