L15. MISCELLANEOUS GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI
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What is the characteristic odor of Pseudomonas maltophilia?
Ammonia-like odor
Which genus is known as “chocolate brown colonies on blood agar”?
→ Capnocytophaga
What is the Gram stain morphology of Bordetella pertussis?
→ Small, Gram-negative coccobacilli
Which bacteria is responsible for whooping cough?
→ Bordetella pertussis
What special medium is used to isolate Bordetella pertussis?
→ Bordet-Gengou agar or Regan-Lowe agar
Which test is used for the identification of Brucella species?
→ Urease test
What is the primary mode of transmission for Brucella spp.?
→ Ingestion of contaminated dairy products or direct contact with infected animals
Which organism causes tularemia?
→ Francisella tularensis
What type of biosafety level is required for handling Francisella tularensis?
→ Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3)
Which genus exhibits gliding motility and forms spreading colonies?
→ Capnocytophaga
What is the causative agent of melioidosis?
→ Burkholderia pseudomallei
Which organism appears as “safety pin” in Wayson stain?
→ Yersinia pestis
Which disease is associated with Yersinia enterocolitica?
→ Enterocolitis or pseudoappendicitis
What is the preferred temperature for the growth of Yersinia enterocolitica?
→ 25°C (cold enrichment)
What is the key biochemical reaction of Pasteurella multocida?
→ Indole positive, oxidase positive, catalase positive
Which organism is associated with cat and dog bites?
→ Pasteurella multocida
What is the Gram stain morphology of Legionella pneumophila?
→ Faintly staining, Gram-negative bacilli
Which medium is used for the isolation of Legionella pneumophila?
→ Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract (BCYE) agar
What is the causative agent of Pontiac fever?
→ Legionella pneumophila
Which organism is responsible for rat-bite fever?
→ Streptobacillus moniliformis
What is the colony appearance of Capnocytophaga on blood agar?
→ Thin, spreading, and “gliding” colonies
Which organism is known as “rabbit fever”?
→ Francisella tularensis
What is the preferred specimen for diagnosing Legionnaires’ disease?
→ Respiratory secretions or urine antigen test
What is the oxidase reaction of Pasteurella multocida?
→ Oxidase positive
Which organism can cause undulant fever?
→ Brucella spp.
What is the catalase reaction of Brucella species?
→ Catalase positive
Which organism is resistant to polymyxin B and colistin?
→ Burkholderia pseudomallei
Which bacteria is primarily associated with hot tub lung infections?
→ Legionella pneumophila
What is the motility of Yersinia pestis at 37°C?
→ Non-motile
Which bacterium requires cysteine for growth?
→ Francisella tularensis
What is the Gram stain morphology of Streptobacillus moniliformis?
→ Gram-negative, pleomorphic, filamentous rods
Which bacteria causes Oroya fever and Verruga peruana?
→ Bartonella bacilliformis
Which Bartonella species is associated with cat scratch disease?
→ Bartonella henselae
Which bacteria appear as “school of fish” on Gram stain?
→ Haemophilus ducreyi
What is the indole test result of Pasteurella multocida?
→ Indole positive
Which organism is the primary cause of trench fever?
→ Bartonella quintana
What is the oxidase reaction of Bordetella pertussis?
→ Oxidase positive
Which medium is selective for Yersinia enterocolitica?
→ Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin (CIN) agar
Which bacteria cause “pitting” on blood agar?
→ Eikenella corrodens
What is the characteristic smell of Eikenella corrodens?
→ Bleach-like odor
Which organism has a “hockey puck” colony consistency?
→ Moraxella spp.
Which bacteria are oxidase-negative among the miscellaneous Gram-negative bacilli?
→ Capnocytophaga
Which organism exhibits satellite phenomenon with Staphylococcus aureus?
→ Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Which organism is associated with human bite wounds?
→ Eikenella corrodens
What is the preferred diagnostic test for Bordetella pertussis?
→ PCR or Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA)
Which organism can survive in disinfectants and hospital water sources?
→ Legionella pneumophila
Which organism is associated with Haverhill fever?
→ Streptobacillus moniliformis
What is the catalase reaction of Francisella tularensis?
→ Catalase weakly positive
Which organism grows better in increased CO₂ conditions?
→ Capnocytophaga
What is the reservoir of Yersinia pestis?
→ Rodents (rats, squirrels)
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